Table 1.

The comparison of echocardiography assessment of left ventricular function at each time point in each group ($\stackrel{-}{x}\pm s$).

Time	Group	n	LVSV mL	ΔLVSV mL	LVDV mL	ΔLVDV mL	EF%	ΔEF%
Before administration	Sham	4	6.51 ± 2.40	—	26.70 ± 8.27	—	76.93 ± 4.22	—
	Model	6	20.05 ± 2.08*	—	43.18 ± 4.08	—	51.85 ± 7.50**	—
	Digoxin	6	27.53 ± 12.97**	—	51.73 ± 21.38*	—	47.90 ± 14.07**	—
	QSYQ	6	29.30 ± 7.93**	—	46.77 ± 11.41*	—	36.90 ± 12.70**	—
2 weeks after administration	Sham	4	5.76 ± 1.83	−0.75 ± 0.57	25.20 ± 4.06	−1.50 ± 12.33	77.68 ± 3.33	0.75 ± 0.89
	Model	6	20.00 ± 5.04*	−0.05 ± 2.963	39.40 ± 12.15	−3.78 ± 8.07	46.05 ± 7.55**	−5.80 ± 0.05
	Digoxin	6	20.67 ± 9.67*	−6.86 ± 3.30∗▵▵	46.00 ± 15.30*	−5.73 ± 6.08	56.78 ± 15.04**	8.88 ± 0.97∗∗▵▵
	QSYQ	6	25.53 ± 5.78*	−3.77 ± 2.15	47.97 ± 7.82	1.20 ± 3.59	47.13 ± 3.99**	10.23 ± 8.71▵▵▴
4 weeks after administration	Sham group	4	6.77 ± 2.85	0.26 ± 0.45	30.63 ± 7.12	3.93 ± 15.39	79.05 ± 5.61	10.23 ± 9.78
	Model group	6	22.85 ± 5.31**	2.80 ± 3.23	50.08 ± 11.76*	6.90 ± 7.68	50.34 ± 7.44**	−1.51 ± 0.06
	Digoxin group	6	20.83 ± 9.22*	−6.70 ± 3.75∗▵▵	44.95 ± 12.43	−6.78 ± 8.95∗∗▵▵	55.23 ± 15.95**	7.33 ± 1.88∗∗▵▵
	QSYQ	6	20.67 ± 12.65*	−8.63 ± 4.72▵	44.97 ± 21.84	−1.80 ± 10.43∗∗▵▵	55.80 ± 8.23**	18.90 ± 4.47∗▵▵▴▴
8 weeks after administration	Sham group	4	7.10 ± 3.18	0.59 ± 0.78	28.98 ± 6.98	2.28 ± 15.25	74.88 ± 6.84	18.90 ± 12.03
	Model group	6	21.88 ± 7.65**	1.83 ± 5.57	46.88 ± 13.52*	3.70 ± 9.44	50.71 ± 8.97**	−1.14 ± 1.47
	Digoxin group	6	18.03 ± 6.20*	−9.50 ± 6.77∗∗▵▵	42.75 ± 7.67	−8.98 ± 13.71	53.98 ± 14.74**	6.08 ± 0.67∗∗▵▵
	QSYQ	6	17.81 ± 8.49	−11.49 ± 0.56∗∗▵▵	30.07 ± 10.09	−16.70 ± 1.32∗∗▵▵	55.87 ± 5.02*	18.97 ± 7.68∗∗▵▵▴▴

Note: *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01 compared with sham group; ^▵ P < 0.05 and ^▵▵ P < 0.01 compared with model control group; and  ^▴ P < 0.05 and  ^▴▴ P < 0.01 compared with digoxin group.

ΔLVSV = LVSV_t  −  LVSV _{before administration}, ΔLVDV = LVDV_t  −  LVDV _{before administration}, and ΔEF% = EF%_t  −  EF% _{before administration}.