Table 1.
Item subgroups stratified by DRS c cutoff
| Item | Categories | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) a | All patients (%) n b N = 5144 | DRS < 3% (n) N = 4339 | DRS ≥ 3% (n) N = 448 h | p value for χ 2 test of Significance | % (n) missing i |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age |
18-64 |
1.8 (1.3, 2.5) |
34.0% (1626) |
33.0% (1432) |
43.3% (194) |
<0.0001 |
0.0% (0) |
| 65-74 |
1.3 (0.9, 1.9) |
25.5% (1219) |
25.5% (1107) |
25.0% (112) |
|||
| 75-84 |
1.1 (0.7,1.5) |
28.7% (1375) |
29.3% (1273) |
22.8% (102) |
|||
| 85+ |
Reference |
11.8% (567) |
12.2% (527) |
8.9% (40) |
|||
| Gender |
Female |
1.2 (1.0,1.5) |
50.9% (2422) |
50.4% (2175) |
55.6% (247) |
0.0369 |
0.6% (30) |
| Male |
Reference |
49.1% (2335) |
49.6% (2138) |
44.4% (197) |
|||
| Marital status |
No partner |
1.0 (0.8. 1.2) |
38.7% (1785) |
38.8% (1622) |
38.3% (163) |
0.8359 |
3.7% (178) |
| Married or have partner |
Reference |
61.3% (2824) |
61.2% (2561) |
61.7% (263) |
|||
| Sitec windsor |
Site 1 |
0.6 (0.3,1.1) |
3.6% (174) |
3.7% (161) |
2.9% (13) |
0.1079 |
0.0% (0) |
| Site 2 |
0.7 (0.4, 1.0) |
64.4% (3083) |
64.8% (2812) |
60.5% (271) |
|||
| Site 3 |
0.7 (0.5, 1.2) |
16.8% (802) |
16.7% (726) |
17.0% (76) |
|||
| Site 4 |
0.9 (0.5, 1.5) |
8.3% (397) |
8.1% (352) |
10.0% (45) |
|||
| Site 5 |
1.1 (0.6, 2.2) |
2.4% (116) |
2.3% (100) |
3.6% (116) |
|||
| Site 6 |
Reference |
4.5% (215) |
4.3% (188) |
6.0% (27) |
|||
| Co-morbidities (#)d C |
5+ |
1.8 (1.3, 2.4) |
9.6% (458) |
9.1% (395) |
14.1% (63) |
0.0003 |
0.0% (0) |
| 3-4 |
1.3 (1.0,1.6) |
32.7% (1564) |
32.4% (1405) |
35.5% (159) |
|||
| 0-2 |
Reference |
57.8% (2765) |
58.5% (2539) |
50.5% (226) |
|
||
| Diagnosis prima |
Cancer |
0.8 (0.5, 1.1) |
86.5% (4141) |
91.6% (3791) |
8.4% (350) |
0.3094 |
0.0% (0) |
| Cardiovascular |
0.7 (0.4, 1.1) |
4.6% (220) |
92.6% (204) |
7.4% (16) |
|||
| COPD |
0.7 (0.3, 1.5) |
1.7% (81) |
92.6% (75) |
7.4% (6) |
|||
| Other |
Reference |
7.2% (345) |
89.1% (307) |
10.9% (38) |
|||
| Prognosis |
Death imminent (days) - < 6 wks |
2.7 (2.0,3.8) |
8.6% (358) |
7.9% (295) |
14.9% (74) |
<0.0001 |
12.8% (615) |
| >6 wks - < 6 mths |
1.6 (1.3, 2.1) |
47.6% (1987) |
47.0% (1760) |
53.7% (227) |
|
||
| 6+ mths |
Reference |
42.8% (1827) |
45.2% (1694) |
31.4% (133) |
|||
| CHESSe |
Moderate, Severe (2+) |
3.3 (2.2, 4.8) |
83.0% (3770) |
81.9% (3359) |
93.6% (412) |
<0.0001 |
5.1% (247) |
| None, Minimal (0,1) |
Reference |
17.0% (770) |
18.1% (742) |
6.4% (28) |
|||
| Awareness of prognosis |
No |
1.4 (1.1, 1.8) |
45.8% (924) |
44.2% (786) |
52.5% (138) |
0.0122 |
13.0%j (305) |
| Yes |
Reference |
54.7% (1116) |
55.8% (991) |
47.5% (125) |
|||
| Pain scale |
Moderate-Severe ((2+) |
2.4 (1.9, 3.0) |
64.1% (3034) |
62.6% (2680) |
79.7% (354) |
<0.0001 |
1.2% (59) |
| None, Minimal (0,1) |
Reference |
35.8% (1694) |
37.4% (1604) |
20.3% (90) |
|||
| CPSf |
Moderate-high impairment (2+) |
2.1 (1.7, 2.6) |
16.6% (796) |
15.5% (671) |
27.9% (125) |
<0.0001 |
0.0% (0) |
| None, Low impairment (0,1) |
Reference |
83.4% (3991) |
84.5% (3668) |
72.1% (323) |
|||
| ADL SHSg |
Limited, Extensive (2+) |
1.4 (1.1, 1.7) |
37.4% (1752) |
36.7% (1560) |
44.0% (192) |
0.0027 |
2.2% (103) |
| Independent (0,1) |
Reference |
62.6% (2932) |
63.3% (2688) |
56.0% (244) |
|||
| Communication disorders |
Yes |
1.2 (1.1, 1.6) |
29.0% (1374) |
28.5% (1223) |
33.9% (151) |
0.0171 |
1.0% (46) |
| No |
Reference |
71.0% (3367) |
71.5% (3072) |
66.1% (295) |
|||
| Sleep disorders |
Severe |
3.5 (2.8, 4.4) |
27.0% (1245) |
24.9% (1039) |
48.1% (206) |
<0.0001 |
3.7% (178) |
| Moderate |
2.1 (1.6, 2.8) |
17.5% (808) |
17.3% (723) |
19.9% (85) |
|||
| Minimal |
Reference |
55.5% (2556) |
57.9% (2419) |
32.0% (137) |
|||
| Appetite |
Poor |
1.7 (1.3, 2.1) |
22.5% (1038) |
21.5% (898) |
31.8% (140) |
<0.0001 |
3.5% (166) |
| Good |
Reference |
77.5% (3583) |
78.5% (3283) |
68.2% (300) |
|||
| Dyspnea |
Severe |
1.4 (1.1, 1.8) |
15.8% (750) |
15.4% (662) |
19.8% (88) |
0.0301 |
1.1% (51) |
| Moderate |
1.2 (0.9, 1.4) |
29.2% (1383) |
29.1% (1250) |
30.0% (133) |
|||
| Minimal |
Reference |
55.0% (2603) |
55.5% (2380) |
50.2% (223) |
|||
| Gastrointestinal symptoms |
Moderate-severe |
1.9 (1.5, 2.3) |
45.2%% (2037) |
43.7% (1785) |
59.0% (252) |
<0.0001 |
5.8% (277) |
| |
Minimal |
Reference |
54.8% (2473) |
56.3% (2298) |
41.0% (175) |
||
| Life satisfaction |
Low life-satisfaction |
2.8 (2.3, 3.5) |
41.0% (1846) |
38.6% (1574) |
64.0% (272) |
<0.0001 |
6.0% (287) |
| High life-satisfaction |
Reference |
59.0% (2654) |
61.4% (2501) |
36.0% (153) |
|||
| Living alone |
Living alone |
1.3 (1.0, 1.7Q) |
19.3% (892) |
19.6% (822) |
16.0% (70) |
0.0670 |
3.3% (157) |
| Living with others |
Reference |
80.7% (3738) |
80.4% (3370) |
84.0% (368) |
|||
| Supportive family |
No strong family support |
1.6 (1.1, 2.4) |
4.7% (222) |
4.5% (191) |
7.0% (31) |
0.0170 |
1.1% (53) |
| Strong, supportive family |
Reference |
95.3% (4512) |
95.6% (4098) |
93.0% (414) |
|||
| Caregiver distress |
Caregiver exhibits signs of distress |
2.7 (2.2, 3.3) |
23.3% (1063) |
21.3% (878) |
42.2% (185) |
<0.0001 |
4.7% (227) |
| Caregiver does not exhibit signs of distress | Reference | 76.7% (3497) | 78.7% (3244) | 57.8% (253) |
a95% CI straddling 1.0 are not statistically significant.
bSubgroup totals are the total sample (n = 5144) less clients where DRS or item was missing.
cAll 6 sites are located in Ontario, Canada; site names not shown to protect patient confidentiality.
dIncludes primary diagnosis.
eCHESS = Change in Health, End-Stage and Disease Symptoms and Signs.
fCPS = Cognitive Performance Scale.
gADL SHS = Activities of Daily Living Self-performance Hierarchy Scale.
hCorresponds to a prevalence of depressive symptoms of 9.4% [448/(4339 + 448)×100].
iExpressed as the number missing for this item divided by the number of clients with a non-missing DRS score (4787 of the 5144 clients in the total sample), multiplied by 100.
jExpressed as the number of clients missing for this item divided by the number of clients with non-missing DRS scores and a prognosis < 6 months (n = 2345), multiplied by 100.