Fig. 3.

The effect of alternative culture conditions on LPS stimulated cytokine release. Macrophages from smoking controls (n = 9) and COPD patients (n = 10) were cultured under condition 1 (white bar) or condition 2 (grey bar) and stimulated with LPS (1 μg/ml) for 24 h. Culture supernatants were analysed for TNF-α (A) and CXCL8 (B). Data shown are mean ± SEM where * = significantly higher levels of mediator release (p < 0.05).