Table I.
Distribution of demographics and risk factors among cases and controls
| Variable | Case (n = 2028) n (%) | Control (n = 2109) n (%) | P (χ2) | Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI)a |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age group | ||||
| ≤50 | 199 (9.81) | 236 (11.19) | ||
| 51–60 | 563 (27.76) | 575 (27.26) | ||
| 61–70 | 710 (35.01) | 713 (33.81) | ||
| >70 | 556 (27.42) | 585 (27.74) | 0.49 | |
| Raceb | ||||
| Non-Hispanic whites | 2008 (99.26) | 2092 (99.19) | ||
| Hispanics | 8 (0.40) | 13 (0.62) | ||
| Blacks | 0 (0) | 2 (0.09) | ||
| Others | 7 (0.35) | 2 (0.09) | 0.12 | |
| Sex | ||||
| Female | 920 (45.36) | 968 (45.90) | ||
| Male | 1108 (54.64) | 1141 (54.10) | 0.73 | |
| Smokingc | ||||
| Never | 801 (39.63) | 1,008 (47.91) | 1.00 | |
| Ever | 1220 (60.37) | 1096 (52.09) | <0.001 | 1.43 (1.26–1.63) |
| Pack-yearsc | ||||
| Never smoker | 801 (39.63) | 1008 (47.91) | 1.00 | |
| 0– | 463 (22.91) | 485 (23.05) | 1.23 (1.04–1.45) | |
| 20– | 225 (11.13) | 201 (9.55) | 1.45 (1.16–1.80) | |
| 30– | 165 (8.16) | 135 (6.42) | 1.55 (1.20–2.00) | |
| >40 | 367 (18.16) | 275 (13.07) | <0.001 | 1.75 (1.44–2.13) |
| History of diabetesd | ||||
| No | 1583 (79.71) | 1877 (90.50) | 1.00 | |
| Yes | 403 (20.29) | 197 (9.50) | <0.001 | 2.35 (1.94–2.84) |
| BMI (kg/m2)e | ||||
| ≤25 | 764 (37.95) | 885 (42.45) | 1.00 | |
| 25−29.9 | 824 (40.93) | 854 (40.96) | 1.07 (0.93–1.24) | |
| ≥30 | 425 (21.11) | 346 (16.59) | <0.001 | 1.22 (1.02–1.47) |
Abbreviation: CI, confidence interval.
aOdds ratio was adjusted for age sex smoking/pack-years history of diabetes or BMI (categorical) and study sites.
bMissing values from five cases.
cMissing values from seven cases and five controls.
dMissing values from 42 cases and 35 controls.
eMissing values from 15 cases and 24 controls.