Table 4.

The most frequently reported causes of drug-related problems and the interventions taken in the study cohort^*

	Main category/ subcategory	Total
Causes [n (% of 119†)]	Drug or dose selection	47 (39.5)
	Inappropriate dosage selection	20 (16.8)
	Inappropriate drug selection	8 (6.7)
	Deterioration of disease state	7 (5.9)
	Manifest side-effect	4 (3.4)
	Drug use process	26 (21.8)
	Drug underused/underadministered	9 (7.6)
	Drug overused/overadministered	7 (5.9)
	Inappropriate timing of dosing	6 (5.0)
	Patient/psychological	20 (16.8)
	Caregiver suspects side-effects	7 (5.9)
	Caregiver has concerns with drugs	6 (5.0)
	Information	8 (6.7)
	Instructions for use/taking not known	4 (3.4)
	Lack of communication between health professionals	3 (2.5)
	Logistics	9 (7.6)
	Other prescribing error (information wrong/missing on the prescription)	8 (6.7)
Interventions [n (% of 145‡)]	At prescriber level	72 (49.7)
	Intervention proposed, approved by prescriber	42 (29.0)
	Prescriber informed only	8 (5.5)
	Intervention proposed, not approved by prescriber	6 (4.1)
	At patient/carer level	17 (11.7)
	Patient counselling	9 (6.2)
	Spoken to family member/caregiver	7 (4.8)
	At drug level	51 (35.2)
	Dosage changed	22 (15.2)
	Drug changed	9 (6.2)
	Drug stopped	8 (5.5)
	New drug started	4 (2.8)
	Instruction for use changed	3 (2.1)

^*Classified according to Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe classification version 5.01.

^†Total number of causes reported.

^‡Total number of interventions reported.