Table 2.
In vivo antitumor activities of natural and synthetic oleanolic acid.
| Molecules | Tumor model | Dose | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| OA | Inhibits TPA-induced skin tumors in mice | 2.5, 5 or 10 μmol/0.2 ml/mouse; 30 min pretreatment | [122] |
| Inhibits HCC tumors in Balb/c mice | 75 or 150 mg/day, i.p.; 3 weeks | [50] | |
| Inhibits 1,2-dimethyhydrazine induced colon carcinoma in rats | 25 mg/kg, oral; 4 weeks | [117] | |
| Inhibits melanoma-induced lung metastasis | 5 mg/kg/day or 10 mg/kg/day, i.v. ; 18 days | [76] | |
| CDDO | Inhibits leukemia and lymphoma growth in TRAF2DN/Bcl2 transgenic model of CLL and SBL | 5, 10 or 20 mg/kg, nine administrations; 21–25 days | [66] |
| CDDO-Me | Inhibits breast cancer growth in a MMTV-neu (ErbB2/HER2) transgenic mouse model | 60 or 100 mg/kg, diet; 45 weeks | [113] |
| Inhibits breast cancer growth in BRCA1 null mice model | 50 mg/kg, diet; 18–24 weeks | [114] | |
| Inhibits MDA-MB-435 ER, MDA-MB-468 ER and MCF7 ER xenografts in mice | 20 mg/kg/mouse/day, i.v., thrice weekly; 3 weeks | [29,112,115] | |
| Inhibits ER-negative breast cancer in PyMT mice | 50 mg/kg, diet; various time points | [116] | |
| Inhibits the progression of prostate cancer in transgenic TRAMP mice model | 7.5 mg/kg, oral, 5 days/week; 20 weeks | [119] | |
| Significantly improves survival in a syngenic acute promyelocytic leukemia mice model | 5 mg/kg; 2 day intervals for 23 days | [121] | |
| Inhibits pancreatic tumor growth in a xenograft mouse model | 7.5 mg/kg/day, oral; 4 weeks | [93] | |
| Inhibits pancreatic tumor growth in a transgenic mouse model of pancreatic cancer | 60 mg/kg, diet; variable time points | [23] | |
| Inhibits lung carcinogenesis in A/J mouse model | CDDO-Me 60 mg/kg, diet; CDDO-EA 400 mg/kg, diet; 15 weeks | [21,124] | |
| CDDO-Me nanoparticles | Inhibits subcutaneously implanted 4T1 breast cancer growth in Balb/c mice | 200 μg/mouse, i.v.; 2 days interval, 5 injections | [30] |
| CDDO-Im | Inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma and reduces metastatic tumor burden | 800 mg/kg, diet; 5 days/week for 56 days | [33,108] |
| Exerts chemopreventive effect when administered in combination with BXL0124 to MMTV-ErbB2/neu mice | BXL0124 (0.3 μg/kg), oral, for 56 weeks; CDDO-Im (3 μmol/kg); 6 times/week for 3 weeks | [33] | |
| Inhibits melanoma tumors in BDF1 mice and L1201 murine leukemia | 50, 100 or 200 mg/kg, i.p.; Twice a day for 7 days | [120] | |
| CDDO-Im nanoparticles | Inhibits orthotopically implanted breast tumor cells (4TO7 or MMTVB-neu) in female Balb/c nude mice or FVB/NJ mice | 200 ml PBS (1.36 ×1013 particles), i.v.; 8 times in 46 days | [112] |
| Inhibits leukemia and lymphoma growth in TRAF2DN/Bcl2 transgenic model of CLL and SBL | 5, 10 or 20 mg/kg, i.p.; 21–25 days | [66] | |
| Dicyano - CDDO | Inhibits UV-irradiated skin tumor in SKH1 hairless mice | 10 nM, topically; Twice/week for 17 weeks | [123] |
| Furoxan- and glycosyl-based OA | Inhibits SMMC-7721 HCC tumors in mice | 12.5 or 25 mg/kg, i.p.; 3 times/week for 21 days | [53,54] |
| O(2)-glycosylated diazeniumdiolate-based OA | Inhibits SMMC-7721 HCC tumor in mice | 3 mg/kg, i.v.; 3 times/week for 3 weeks | [55] |
| PABA/NO-based OA | Inhibits H22 solid tumors in mice | 10, 20 or 40 mg/kg/day, i.p; 14 days | [59] |
| AMR-Me | Inhibits DMBA- induced breast tumors in rats and interferes with Wnt/β-catenin and NF-κB signaling | 0.8, 1.2 or 1.6 mg/kg, oral; 3 times/week for 18 weeks | [109–111] |
| Dextrose OA | Suppresses LM8 osteosarcoma growth and lung metastasis in mice | 25, 50 or 100 mg/kg i.p.; 4 weeks | [86] |