Ghrelin elicited an increase in spiking in VP cells. A, Spiking activity in a VP neuron from a 24 h-fasted rat recorded extracellularly with the loose-seal cell-attached patch technique. Ghrelin (100 nm) elicited an increase in spiking. B, Distribution plot of changes in spike frequency in individual cells before (Control) and during ghrelin application (Ghrelin) (n = 12). C, Summary of mean normalized spike frequency responses to ghrelin in PVN VP neurons from ad libitum fed and 24 h-fasted rats. D, Summary of mean spike frequency responses to ghrelin in VP cells from fasted rats in the absence (n = 14) and presence of the GABAA receptor antagonist bicuculline (n = 12). Blocking GABAA receptors decreased the basal spike frequency and blocked the ghrelin-induced increase in spike frequency. *p < 0.05. n.s., Not significant.