Figure 1.

Determination of the scale factor. (A) The six weak acids and three weak bases used to form model hydrogen-bonded complexes. (B) The three equilibria used to determine the φ-value relative to water. (C) Plot of ΔG^HB against RTlnφ values at room temperature from 18 model hydrogen-bond complexes to determine the scale factor. The hydrogen-bond complexes formed by triethylamine in toluene, p-dioxane in toluene, and di(n-propyl) ketone in o-dichlorobenzene were labeled using square, round, and triangle symbols, respectively.