Table 3.

Chest imaging and diagnostic criteria of selected studies

Study	Imaging	Pneumonia diagnosis	Patient type	Inclusion criteria	Ultrasound operator	Diagnostic criteria	Blinding
Benci et al. [31]	CXR + chest CT if CXR/LUS discordance	Clinical diagnosis or imaging	Hospitalized	Pneumonia symptoms	Experienced physicians	Consolidation	Yes
Lichtenstein et al. [32]	Chest CT	Imaging only	Critically Ill	Acute respiratory distress syndrome	Experienced physicians	Consolidation	Yes
Lichtenstein et al. [33]	Chest CT	Imaging only	Critically ill	Chest pain or severe thoracic disease	Two ED physician sonographers	Consolidation	Yes
Lichtenstein et al. [34]	CXR + chest CT if possible	Clinical diagnosis or imaging	Critically Ill	Acute respiratory failure	Experienced physicians	Alveolar and interstitial	Yes
Parlamento et al. [35]	CXR + chest CT if CXR/LUS discordance	Imaging only	Presented to ED	CAP symptoms	Experienced physician	Alveolar and interstitial	Yes
Cortellaro et al. [21]	CXR + chest CT if possible	Clinical diagnosis or imaging	Presented to ED	CAP symptoms	Experienced physicians	Alveolar and interstitial	Yes
Xirouchaki et al. [38]	Chest CT scan	Imaging only	Critically ill	Mechanically ventilated patients scheduled for chest CT scan	Single physician (Expertise not mentioned)	Consolidation	Yes
Reissig et al. [22]	CXR + chest CT if CXR/LUS discordance	Clinical diagnosis or Imaging	Presented to ED or hospitalized	CAP symptoms	Experienced physicians	Consolidation	Yes
Testa et al. [36]	CXR + chest CT if possible/indicated	Clinical diagnosis or imaging	Presented to ED	Suspected H1N1 infection	Experienced physicians	Alveolar and interstitial	Yes
Unluer et al. [37]	CXR + chest CT if possible/indicated	Imaging only	Presented to ED	CAP symptoms	Trained emergency physicians	Alveolar and interstitial	Yes

LUS lung ultrasound, CXR chest X ray, CT computerized tomography, ER emergency department, ICU intensive care unit, CAP community acquired pneumonia, US ultrasound.