Figure 2.

Experimental Procedures. (A) Pre-training and testing on the mild aversive Pavlovian discriminative conditioning paradigm. (B) Rubber snake test. (Bi) Top right-hand quadrant of the home cage viewed from the upper front corner and (Bii) Experimental procedure. (C) Cognitive flexibility tests. (Ci) In the antOFC-dependent flexibility test, to obtain the food reward, the subject was required to choose the box with low-incentive pellets whilst inhibiting their prepotent response for the high-incentive marshmallows. (Cii) In the vlPFC-dependent higher order flexibility test, the subject was required to transfer the acquired strategy from the opaque to the transparent box while inhibiting reaching directly to the now visible reward. “Front” denotes the surface of the box that was immediately facing the marmoset.