Table 2.

Diagnosis, prognostic value, and treatment of coronary microvascular dysfunction in different clinical settings

Type of CMD	Specific diseases	Diagnosis	Impact on outcome	Treatment
Type 1	RF MVA	TTDE TTDE, CMR	Unknown* Documented	RF control RF control, see Figure 4
Type 2	HCM COCM PVB9 Myocarditis AFD Amyloidosis AS	CMR, PET CMR, PET A-Ch CMR, PET CMR, PET CMR, PET	Documented Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown	Alcohol septal ablation? Allopurinol Unknown Beta-galactosidase? Unknown Beta-blockers, Ivabradine?
Type 3	Stable angina MVO after pPCI	Angina after PCI BG, STR, CMR	Unknown Documented	Angiogenesis See Figure 5
Type 4	PCI CABG	Tn raise Tn raise	Documented Documented	Statins, alpha-blockers? Statins

A-ch, acetylcholine test; AFD, Anderson-Fabry's disease; AS, aortic stenosis; BG, blush grade; CABG, coronary aortic bypass graft; CMD, coronary microvascular dysfunction; CMR, cardiac magnetic resonance; COCM, congestive cardiomyopathy; HCM, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; MVA, microvascular angina; MVO, microvascular obstruction; PET: positron emission tomography; pPCI, primary percutaneous coronary intervention; PVB, Parvovirus B9; RF, risk factors; STR, ST segment resolution; Tn, troponin; TTDE, transthoracic Doppler echocardiography.

^*It is unknown the incremental prognostic value of coronary microvascular dysfunction in addition to that conveyed by risk factors