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. 2014 Mar 21;3(5):620–631. doi: 10.5966/sctm.2013-0151

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Figure 7. — Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of striatal tissue for mRNA expression of BDNF and TNF-α. Quantitative RT-PCR of striatal tissue revealed no significant differences in the mRNA expression of BDNF between all groups (A), but did reveal a significant between-group difference in the mRNA expression of TNF-α (B). No reduction in BDNF expression was observed in the 3-NP rats without transplantation, indicating that behavioral deficits are not the result of depletion of this trophic factor. The downregulation of TNF-α in the rats that received transplantation of iPSCs at 21 and 42 days is indicative of a general deactivation of the immune response to the transplanted cells. (Bar graph represents mean value; error bars represent SEM; ∗, significantly different from sham rat, p < .05; #, significantly different from 3-NP iPSC 7-day rats, p < .05.) Abbreviations: 3-NP, 3-nitropropionic acid; BDNF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor; iPSC, induced pluripotent stem cell; TNF, tumor necrosis factor.