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. 2014 May 1;10(5):e1004319. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004319

Figure 3. Large asynchronously replicated region contains imprinted genes.

Figure 3

A: Plots illustrating two large asynchronously replicating regions containing two paternally imprinted genes DLGAP2 and L3MBTL1 in FNY01_3_2 (top) and 3_3 (bottom). The blue and red curves respectively represent the TimEX profiles of the paternal and maternal homologs (S/G1 copy number ratios after Gaussian smoothing (sigma = 100 Kb)). The pink boxes below the curve illustrate the Asynchronously Replicated Domains (ARD); the green boxes, the core ARD. Refseq genes are plotted to indicate the location of the imprinted genes. B: Histogram illustrating the distribution of the TimEX values for the autosomes and the X chromosomes. As expected, the distribution of the values for the autosomes is broader than for the sex chromosomes because one of the X chromosomes replicates uniformly late. C: Histogram illustrating the fraction of the length of each chromosome that is within an ARD region. This fraction varies between 0.1 and 0.3 for all chromosomes except for the X chromosome of individual FNY01_3_3 which contains ARD for almost half of its length. D: Histogram illustrating the fraction of ARD that exhibited a maternal delay for the autosome and for the sex chromosomes. Paternal and maternal delays are approximately equally distributed in all autosomes and in the X chromosome of FNY01_3_2. By contrast almost 90% of the ARD in chromosome X of FNY01_3_3 exhibit a maternal delay. E: Histogram illustrating the ratios of the percentages of the length of the autosome that is asynchronously replicated to the percentage of the X chromosome that is asynchronously replicated in FNY01_3_2 and 3_3 considering all the SNPs or only the SNPs rich regions. The imbalance in the percent X chromosome that is inactivated of FNY01_3_3 can be detected even when only the SNP-rich regions are taken into consideration. Together Figure 3B to 3E strongly suggest that X inactivation in the erythroid lineage of individual FNY01_3_3 is biased toward the maternal chromosome which is inactivated more often than the paternal chromosome.