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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 May 2.
Published in final edited form as: J Biol Chem. 2002 Oct 21;277(52):50959–50965. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M207050200

Fig. 1. LGG inhibits cytokine-induced apoptosis in intestinal epithelial cells.

Fig. 1

kiKSR-expressing YAMC cells (A–C) or human colonic epithelial carcinoma cell line (HT29) cells (D) were treated with TNF (100 ng/ml) or the “cytokine mixture” combination of TNF (100 ng/ml), IL-1α (10 ng/ml), and γ-IFN (100 ng/ml), respectively, for 6 h in the presence or absence of a 1-h pretreatment with viable LGG, hk-LGG, or concentrated supernatant recovered from LGG culture MRS broth (LGG-s) at the concentrations indicated. Then, cells were fixed for terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase TUNEL with apoptotic nuclei labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate and DAPI staining (A and D). Fluorescein isothiocyanate- and DAPI-labeled images were taken from the same field. The percentage of cells undergoing apoptosis from a representative experiment is shown in B. Caspase activity in living cells was detected using a multi-caspase activity assay kit (C). Arrows indicate representative apoptotic nuclei. All experiments in this and subsequent figures were performed on at least three separate occasions.