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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Sep 12.
Published in final edited form as: Brain Res. 2013 Jul 23;1530:66–75. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2013.07.029

Fig. 5.

Fig. 5

Pyruvate inhibits MMP 2 and preserves integrity of microvascular endothelium. Panel A: Gelatin-zymography revealed MMP2 activation by rtPA and inhibition by pyruvate in confluent vascular endothelial cell cultures. Panel B: Immunoblots showed pyruvate decreased MMP2 content and increased TIMP2 content. Panel C: Increased MMP2 activity coincides with increased leakage of FITC-dextran in endothelial cells treated with rtPA. Pyruvate cotreatment limited dextran leakage to the normoxic level. *p<0.05 vs. Normoxia (Norm), †p<0.05 vs. Control, ‡p<0.05 vs. rtPA.