Table 5.

Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models of sensitivity of visual inspection with acetic acid, specificity of Pap (HSIL+), specificity of visual inspection with acetic acid and specificity of human papillomavirus.

	Univariate model		Multivariate model^a
Sensitivity of VIA	OR for positive test among CIN2/CIN3 (95% CI)	P	OR for positive test among CIN2/CIN3 (95% CI)	P
Age ≥40 years	1.0		1.0
Age <40 years	4.00 (1.74–9.17)	<0.001	3.95 (1.70–9.22)	<0.001
CD4⁺ cell count >350 cells/μl	1.0		1.0
CD4⁺ cell count ≤350 cells/μl	1.87 (0.86–4.09)	0.1	1.75 (0.73–4.20)	0.2
On ART ≥2 years	1.0		1.0
Off ART	1.18 (0.43–3.24)	0.7	0.79 (0.26–2.40)	0.7
On ART <2 years	1.58 (0.65–3.86)	0.3	1.09 (0.40–2.98)	0.9

	Univariate model		Multivariate model^a
Specificity of Pap (HSIL+)	OR for negative test among ≤CIN1 (95% CI)	P	OR for negative test among ≤CIN1 (95% CI)	P
Age ≥40 years	1.0		1.0
Age <40 years	4.04 (1.03–15.89)	0.05	3.56 (0.88–14.31)	0.07
CD4⁺ cell count >350 cells/μl	1.0		1.0
CD4⁺ cell count ≤350 cells/μl	0.33 (0.08–1.29)	0.1	0.33 (0.08–1.37)	0.1
On ART ≥2 years	1.0		1.0
Off ART	1.62 (0.31–8.56)	0.6	1.37 (0.25–7.49)	0.7
On ART <2 years	1.30 (0.30–5.57)	0.7	1.59 (0.35–7.16)	0.5

	Univariate model		Multivariate model^a
Specificity of VIA	OR for negative test among ≤CIN1 (95% CI)	P	OR for negative test among ≤CIN1 (95% CI)	P
Age ≥40 years	1.0		1.0
Age <40 years	0.67 (0.42–1.08)	0.1	0.67 (0.41–1.08)	0.1
CD4⁺ cell count >350 cells/μl	1.0		1.0
CD4⁺ cell count ≤350 cells/μl	0.75 (0.48–1.17)	0.2	0.80 (0.50–1.27)	0.3
On ART ≥2 years	1.0		1.0
Off ART	0.73 (0.42–1.30)	0.3	0.80 (0.45–1.42)	0.8
On ART <2 years	0.51 (0.30–0.87)	0.01	0.55 (0.32–0.94)	0.03

	Univariate model		Multivariate model^a
Specificity of HPV	OR for negative test among ≤CIN1 (95% CI)	P	OR for negative test among ≤CIN1 (95% CI)	P
Age ≥40 years	1.0		1.0
Age <40 years	0.54 (0.34–0.84)	0.006	0.51 (0.31–0.81)	0.005
CD4⁺ cell count >350 cells/μl	1.0		1.0
CD4⁺ cell count ≤350 cells/μl	0.48 (0.31–0.75)	<0.001	0.49 (0.31–0.77)	0.002
On ART ≥2 years	1.0		1.0
Off ART	0.55 (0.32–0.94)	0.03	0.62 (0.36–1.09)	0.1
On ART <2 years	0.43 (0.26–0.71)	<0.001	0.51 (0.30–0.86)	0.01

ART, antiretroviral therapy; CI, confidence interval; CIN, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia; HPV, human papillomavirus; HSIL, high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion; LSIL, low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion; OR, odds ratio; VIA, visual inspection with acetic acid.

All covariates listed are included in the multivariate model.