Table 1.
Characteristics of all included studies (Alphabetically ordered)
| Study | Treatment | n | Mean age (yrs) | Baseline WOMAC score (SD) | Change from baseline WOMAC score (SD) | Percentage women | Duration OA at baseline (yrs) | Flare required | Concomitant analgesic allowed d | OA site |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abou-Raya et al. 2012 [49]b |
Duloxetine |
144 |
68.9 |
50.63 (9.56) |
-12.40 (14.02) |
16 |
5.7 |
No |
Yes |
Knee |
| |
Placebo |
144 |
68.5 |
50.94 (9.47) |
-3.96 (15.24) |
17 |
5.6 |
|
|
|
| Afilalo et al. 2010 [50]f |
Oxycodone 40–100 mg |
342 |
58.2 |
|
-27.50 (21.75) |
59 |
|
No |
Not mentioned |
Knee |
| Study NCT00421928 |
Placebo |
337 |
58.2 |
|
-22.50 (21.00) |
59 |
|
|
|
|
| Baerwald et al. 2010 [51]b |
Naproxen 1000 mg |
156 |
62.26 |
|
-22.54 (20.40) |
32.1 |
|
Yes |
No |
Hip |
| |
Placebo |
331 |
63.29 |
|
-14.80 (22.27) |
37.2 |
|
|
|
|
| Bensen et al. 1999 [52] |
Celecoxib 200 mg |
202 |
63 |
53.13 (17.08) |
-12.50 (18.06) |
72 |
9 |
No |
No |
Knee |
| |
Naproxen 1000 mg |
198 |
62 |
55.10 (14.58) |
-12.40 (18.91) |
71 |
10 |
|
|
|
| |
Placebo |
203 |
62 |
53.85 (15.42) |
-6.35 (16.18) |
75 |
11 |
|
|
|
| Bingham et al. 2007a [53] |
Etoricoxib 30 mg |
231 |
62.1 |
65.40 (13.03) |
-24.37 (21.37) |
66.2 |
|
Yes |
No |
Hip/knee |
| |
Celecoxib 200 mg |
241 |
62.5 |
66.20 (13.24) |
-22.21 (21.66)a |
69.7 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Placebo |
127 |
62.8 |
64.67 (13.30) |
-10.98 (22.14)a |
65.4 |
|
|
|
|
| Bingham et al. 2007b [53] |
Etoricoxib 30 mg |
244 |
61.9 |
67.23 (13.24) |
-24.37 (22.19) |
69.7 |
|
Yes |
No |
Hip/knee |
| |
Celecoxib 200 mg |
247 |
62.2 |
65.59 (14.59) |
-23.19 (23.29)a |
61.9 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Placebo |
117 |
60.9 |
64.98 (13.81) |
-12.29 (22.63)a |
65 |
|
|
|
|
| Boswell et al. 2008 [54] |
Celecoxib 200 mg |
185 |
59.7 |
63.55 (14.70) |
-23.46 (24.51)a |
67 |
8.8 |
No |
No |
Knee |
| |
Placebo |
186 |
60.5 |
63.37 (13.68) |
-18.46 (23.46)a |
73 |
8 |
|
|
|
| Burch et al. 2007 [55]f |
Tramadol 200–300 mg |
432 |
62 |
|
34.96 (14.74)g |
64 |
|
Yes |
No |
Knee |
| Study NCT00833794 |
Placebo |
214 |
62 |
|
35.20 (15.13)g |
62 |
|
|
|
|
| Chappell et al. 2011 [26]b |
Duloxetine 60–120 mg |
128 |
63.16 |
51.63 (10.45) |
-20.50 (11.87) |
70 |
8.14 |
No |
Yes |
Knee |
| Study NCT00433290 |
Placebo |
128 |
61.9 |
53.82 (9.04) |
-16.25 (12.26) |
84 |
6.74 |
|
|
|
| Chappell et al. 2009 [27]b |
Duloxetine 60–120 mg |
111 |
62.07 |
57.10 (12.15) |
-24.01 (16.07) |
63.06 |
9.04 |
No |
Yes |
Knee |
| Study NCT00408421 |
Placebo |
120 |
62.48 |
56.51 (11.12) |
-16.81 (13.67) |
67.5 |
9.3 |
|
|
|
| Clegg et al. 2006 [56]b, e |
Celecoxib 200 mg |
318 |
59.4 |
47.10 (13.36) |
-17.95 (14.98) |
66.7 |
10.1 |
No |
Yes |
Knee |
| |
Placebo |
313 |
58.2 |
46.23 (13.49) |
-14.58 (15.99) |
63.9 |
9.5 |
|
|
|
| DeLemos et al. 2011 [57] |
Tramadol 200 mg |
199 |
62 |
61.13 (14.02) |
-16.24 (24.22) |
62.3 |
8.5 |
No |
No |
Hip/knee |
| |
Tramadol 300 mg |
199 |
59.7 |
60.37 (15.93) |
-22.10 (24.16) |
61.8 |
7.6 |
|
|
|
| |
Celecoxib 200 mg |
202 |
60 |
58.21 (15.26) |
-25.60 (24.58) |
64.9 |
8 |
|
|
|
| |
Placebo |
200 |
58.9 |
59.95 (15.49) |
-17.73 (24.28) |
68.5 |
7.8 |
|
|
|
| Essex et al. 2012 [58]c |
Celecoxib 200 mg |
296 |
60 |
56.15 (15.42) |
-23.13 (19.71) |
64.9 |
7.2 |
Yes |
No |
Knee |
| |
Naproxen 1000 mg |
293 |
60.7 |
56.56 (15.73) |
-23.54 (19.61) |
67.6 |
8.5 |
|
|
|
| Fishman et al. 2007 [59] |
Tramadol 200 mg |
107 |
61 |
58.42 (13.99) |
-24.39 (21.19)a |
59.8 |
|
No |
Yes |
Knee |
| |
Tramadol 300 mg |
105 |
60 |
63.74 (15.21) |
-25.54 (44.61) |
65.7 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Placebo |
224 |
61 |
61.29 (14.16) |
-18.82 (38.32) |
61.6 |
|
|
|
|
| Fleischmann et al. 2006 [60]b |
Celecoxib 200 mg |
444 |
61.3 |
50.94 (16.76) |
-16.67 (18.95) |
67.1 |
6.7 |
No |
No |
Knee |
| |
Placebo |
231 |
61.5 |
48.65 (16.97) |
-9.69 (16.82) |
66.2 |
6.6 |
|
|
|
| Fleischmann et al. 2001 [61]b |
Tramadol 200–400 mg |
63 |
62.52 |
|
41.60 (20.50)g |
65.1 |
7.94 |
Yes |
No |
Knee |
| |
Placebo |
66 |
62.45 |
|
50.40 (22.50)g |
59.1 |
7.76 |
|
|
|
| Gana et al. 2006 [36] |
Tramadol 200 mg |
201 |
59.1 |
63.77 (13.14) |
-21.25 (23.92) |
63.7 |
7.7 |
No |
No |
Hip/knee |
| |
Tramadol 300 mg |
201 |
58.5 |
60.10 (14.73) |
-20.27 (23.81) |
59.2 |
8 |
|
|
|
| |
Placebo |
205 |
56.4 |
61.82 (14.82) |
-14.19 (23.45) |
68.8 |
7.7 |
|
|
|
| Hochberg et al. 2011a [62] |
Celcoxib 200 mg |
242 |
33.2 |
|
-5.56 (40.51)a, h |
61.2 |
|
Yes |
Yes |
Knee |
| |
Placebo |
124 |
32.7 |
|
|
66.1 |
|
|
|
|
| Hochberg et al. 2011b [62] |
Celecoxib 200 mg |
244 |
33 |
|
-4.36 (41.89)a, h |
62.7 |
|
|
|
Knee |
| |
Placebo |
122 |
33 |
|
|
63.1 |
|
|
|
|
| Kivitz et al. 2002 [63] |
Naproxen 1000 mg |
205 |
60.4 |
55.91 |
-18.79 (19.78) |
63 |
9.4 |
No |
No |
Knee |
| |
Placebo |
205 |
60.3 |
55.72 |
-14.04 (19.71) |
64 |
8.3 |
|
|
|
| Kivitz et al. 2001 [64] |
Celecoxib 200 mg |
207 |
62 |
52.29 (16.73) |
-10.10 (15.92) |
65 |
7.2 |
Yes |
No |
Hip |
| |
Naproxen 1000 mg |
207 |
64 |
51.88 (17.24) |
-11.98 (16.07) |
66 |
7.3 |
|
|
|
| |
Placebo |
218 |
64 |
52.81 (15.60) |
-4.38 (15.70) |
67 |
7.9 |
|
|
|
| Lehmann et al. 2005 [65]b |
Celecoxib 200 mg |
420 |
62.9 |
52.60 (14.93) |
-15.31 (16.47) |
68.3 |
4.4 |
Yes |
yes |
Knee |
| |
Placebo |
424 |
61.7 |
51.77 (15.09) |
-11.77 (19.03) |
71.9 |
3.9 |
|
|
|
| Leung et al. 2002 [66] |
Etoricoxib 60 mg |
224 |
62.93 |
63.84 (13.89) |
-22.19 (15.91) |
77.2 |
5.88 |
Yes |
No |
Hip/knee |
| |
Naproxen 1000 mg |
221 |
63.16 |
63.76 (13.36) |
-21.91 (15.81) |
78.3 |
6.25 |
|
|
|
| |
Placebo |
56 |
64.09 |
68.11 (10.83) |
-13.26 (15.17) |
82.1 |
6.3 |
|
|
|
| Markenson et al. 2005 [67]b, e |
Oxycodone 10–120 mg |
56 |
62 |
64.70 (15.71)a |
-14.93 (26.09) |
68 |
|
No |
Yes |
Hip/knee/spine/other |
| |
Placebo |
51 |
64 |
63.80 (15.00) |
-0.87 (19.72) |
78 |
|
|
|
|
| Puopolo et al. 2007 [68] |
Etoricoxib 30 mg |
224 |
62.1 |
64.95 |
-24.90 (23.14) |
77.7 |
6.6 |
Yes |
Yes |
Hip/knee |
| |
Ibuprofen 2400 mg |
213 |
62.3 |
63.18 |
-21.73 (22.49) |
73.7 |
6.7 |
|
|
|
| |
Placebo |
111 |
64 |
64.56 |
-14.43 (21.23) |
75.7 |
6.5 |
|
|
|
| Rauck et al. 2013 [69] |
Hydromorphone 16 mg |
330 |
59.5 |
|
-17.00 (19.98) |
64.2 |
|
No |
Yes |
Hip/knee |
| |
Placebo |
331 |
60 |
|
-13.00 (20.01) |
63 |
|
|
|
|
| Schnitzer et al. 2011 [70]b |
Celecoxib 200 mg |
419 |
61.7 |
54.90 (14.49) |
-16.58 (15.24)a |
61.3 |
3.7 |
No |
No |
Hip |
| |
Placebo |
416 |
61.4 |
54.58 (15.11) |
-10.62 (13.83)a |
60.6 |
3.8 |
|
|
|
| Schnitzer et al. 2011 [71]b |
Naproxen 1000 mg |
254 |
60 |
|
-26.29 (18.71)a |
70.5 |
|
Yes |
No |
Knee |
| |
Placebo |
257 |
60.15 |
|
-16.04 (18.62)a |
72.65 |
|
|
|
|
| Schnitzer et al. 2010 [72]b |
Naproxen 1000 mg |
227 |
61.1 |
70.08 (12.98) |
-33.33 (20.23)a |
67.4 |
|
Yes |
No |
Knee |
| |
Placebo |
221 |
61 |
69.85 (13.12) |
-20.42 (20.17)a |
71.9 |
|
|
|
|
| Sheldon et al. 2005 [73]b |
Celecoxib 200 mg |
393 |
60.2 |
54.79 (15.45) |
-16.25 (19.08) |
63.1 |
6.7 |
No |
No |
Knee |
| |
Placebo |
382 |
60.8 |
55.31 (14.36) |
-9.90 (17.01) |
61.3 |
7 |
|
|
|
| Sowers et al. 2005 [74]c |
Celecoxib 200 mg |
136 |
61.8 |
46.20 (22.16) |
-16.30 (20.99) |
62 |
|
No |
No |
Hip/knee |
| |
Naproxen 1000 mg |
128 |
63.6 |
51.40 (20.36) |
-14.70 (21.50) |
60 |
|
|
|
|
| Tannenbaum et al. 2004 [75]b |
Celecoxib 200 mg |
481 |
64.1 |
50.73 (16.04) |
-13.96 (16.46) |
69.2 |
5.3 |
No |
No |
Knee |
| |
Placebo |
243 |
64.6 |
51.25 (14.58) |
-9.79 (16.77) |
67.1 |
4.3 |
|
|
|
| Vojtassak et al. 2011 [76] |
Hydromorphone |
138 |
65 |
60.00 (10.11) |
-17.75 (14.62) |
77 |
|
No |
Yes |
Hip/knee |
| |
Placebo |
149 |
66 |
57.92 (10.36) |
-17.69 (15.79) |
68 |
|
|
|
|
| Wiesenhutter et al. 2005 [77] |
Etoricoxib 30 mg |
214 |
63.1 |
68.68 (16.64) |
-24.52 (22.97) |
70.1 |
7.9 |
Yes |
No |
Hip/Knee |
| |
Ibuprofen 2400 mg |
210 |
61.3 |
68.13 (17.02) |
-23.65 (23.13) |
70 |
8.2 |
|
|
|
| Placebo | 104 | 59.5 | 69.71 (16.52) | -14.20 (20.24) | 72.1 | 6.9 |
Note: avalue imputed by estimating a stiffness subscore from other scores reported for that treatment; bstudy longer than 12 weeks duration; cincluded in Bayesian analysis only, no placebo arm, dwashout is not considered as complete in studies with concomitant analgesic use; edenotes studies without a washout period; fdenotes studies with enriched enrollment design; gindicates endpoint WOMAC score, change from baseline not available in these studies; hindicates difference from placebo in WOMAC score change from baseline.