Methods	Randomized, placebo controlled trial; 2 parallel groups.
	Unit of randomization: individual.
Participants	Date of data collection: November 1983 and December 1984.
	Setting: University Hospital, New Jersey; ; lower socioeconomic class (90% black)
	Inclusion criteria: women < 21 years old undergoing CS.
	Exclusion: antibiotic use within 2 weeks; active infection or fever at delivery; penicillin or sulfa allergy; internal fetal monitoring
Interventions	Trimethoprim 240 mg and sulfamethoxazole 1200 mg IV after clamping of cord (N = 29) vs placebo (N = 28)
Outcomes	Endomyometritis (fever [> 100.3°F twice within 24 hours after first day], uterine tenderness, absence of another focus); UTI (fever and positive culture); wound infection (fever, abnormal appearing wound with cellulitis or a wound draining purulent material)
Notes	Authors’ definition of high risk not comparable with that used in this review.
	The incidence of UTI and wound infection was similar between the groups (numbers not given)
	Class of antibiotic: sulfonamide/trimethoprim.
	Subgroups: type of CS unclear; after cord clamping.
Risk of bias
Item	Authors’ judgement	Description
Adequate sequence generation?	Unclear	‘Randomly divided.’
		No further details provided.
Allocation concealment?	Unclear	No information provided.
Blinding?	Unclear	Placebo-controlled.
All outcomes		No further information.
Incomplete outcome data addressed?	Yes	No loss to follow up reported.
All outcomes		No participants excluded.
		ITT analysis.
Free of selective reporting?	Unclear	Insufficient information to judge.
Free of other bias?	Unclear	The 2 groups were comparable regarding age, gravidity, vaginal examinations, duration of labor and duration of rupture of membranes, elective repeat CS. There was insufficient other information which to judge
Overall low risk of bias?	Unclear	Mostly unclear.