Methods	Randomized, placebo controlled trial; 2 parallel groups.
	Unit of randomization: individual.
Participants	Dates of data collection: August 1970 - January 1971.
	Setting: Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, US;
	Inclusion criteria: women undergoing CS (criteria not specified)
	Exclusion criteria: evidence of clinical infection, history of penicillin allergy
Interventions	Cephalothin 1 g IV on call to operating room, further 2 g IV intra-operatively and every 6 hours for 48 hours, then 500 mg IM for additional 72 hours (N = 5) vs placebo (N = 7)
Outcomes	Morbidity (temperature > 100.9°F twice, 6 hours apart after first 48 hours or other clinical signs of infection); not separated. For this review, the authors’ definition of morbidity has been classified as fever
Notes	Part ofa larger randomized trial ofprophylactic antibiotics in gynecologic surgery; most patients (87%) were undergoing hysterectomy; only 12/300 patients enrolled underwent CS
	Class of antibiotic: first generation cephalosporin.
	Subgroups:
	type of CS unclear; before cord clamping.
Risk of bias
Item	Authors’ judgement	Description
Adequate sequence generation?	Unclear	“Randomized.”
		No additional information.
Allocation concealment?	Yes	Randomized list ofplacebo or drug, kept in hospital pharmacy; code not broken until after patient classified as ‘morbid’ or ‘non-morbid’
Blinding?	Yes	Described as “double-blind”.
All outcomes		Placebo-controlled.
Incomplete outcome data addressed?	Yes	No loss to follow up.
All outcomes		No participants excluded.
		ITT analysis.
Free of selective reporting?	Unclear	Insufficient information to judge.
Free of other bias?	Unclear	No information was provided.
Overall low risk of bias?	Unclear	Insufficient information to judge.