Methods	Randomized, placebo-controlled trial; 2 parallel groups.
	Unit of randomization: individual.
Participants	Dates of data collection: May 1982-August 1983.
	Setting: South Saimaa Central Hospital, Lappeenranta, Finland
	Inclusion criteria: initially all women undergoing CS (N = 80); thereafter women undergoing non-elective (ruptured membranes) section (N = 72)
Interventions	Tinidazole 500 mg IV at cord clamping (N = 75) vs identical placebo (N = 77)
Outcomes	Febrile morbidity (> 38°C on 2 post-operative days, excluding the first); endometritis (fever, foul lochia or uterine tenderness); wound infection (fever, cellulitis or exudate); UTI (fever and positive culture)
Notes	Authors’ definition of non-elective (ruptured membranes) and elective (unruptured membranes) not consistent with the definitions used in this review; classified in this review as ‘both’.
	Newborn infants observed for effects of tinidazole (although data not given)
	Class of antibiotic: nitroimidazole (tinidazole).
	Subgroups: both elective and non-elective CS; after cord clamping.
Risk of bias
Item	Authors’ judgement	Description
Adequate sequence generation?	Unclear	‘Randomized according to a code.’
Allocation concealment?	Yes	“Identical vials … coded from 1 to 160.”
Blinding?	Yes	Placebo-controlled, double blind.
All outcomes		“The code was first opened when the study was completed.”
Incomplete outcome data addressed?	Unclear	No loss to follow up reported.
All outcomes		8 women excluded: 4 because they were febrile before the operation, 4 because of mistakes in administration; data not provided to perform ITT analysis
Free of selective reporting?	Unclear	Insufficient information to judge.
Free of other bias?	Unclear	The 2 groups were comparable regarding age, weight, gestational age, etc. There was insufficient other information which to judge
Overall low risk of bias?	Unclear	Mostly unclear.