Methods	RCT; 3 parallel groups.
	Unit of randomization: individual.
Participants	Dates of data collection: March-August 1991.
	Setting: Ipoh, Malaysia.
	Inclusion criteria: women undergoing CS.
	Exclusions: hypersensitivity to 1 of antibiotics; presence of infection or fever; on antibiotics; multiple pregnancy
Interventions	Cefoperazone 1g every 12 hours × 3 (N = 71) vs ampicillin 500mg every 6 hours × 4 (N = 74) at induction of anesthesia vs no treatment (N = 77); both treatment groups combined for data analysis
Outcomes	Wound infection (inflammation over wound with serous or purulent discharge); any antibiotics post-operatively (cefoperazone vs ampicillinvs no treatment: 6.6% vs 16.2% vs 25.7%). Hospital stay: ampicillin vs no treatment 5.57 days (SD 1.43) vs 6.5 days (SD 3.67)
Notes	Author’s definition of emergency not consistent with criteria used in this review; classified as both/undefined
	Class of antibiotic: third generation cephalosporin or aminopenicillin (ampicillin)
	Subgroups:
	type of CS unclear; before cord clamping.
Risk of bias
Item	Authors’ judgement	Description
Adequate sequence generation?	Unclear	“… randomized…”
Allocation concealment?	Unclear	No information provided.
Blinding?	Unclear	No information provided.
All outcomes
Incomplete outcome data addressed?	Unclear	2 patients excluded (1 from cefoperazone group, 1 from no treatment group); on treatment analysis performed
All outcomes
Free of selective reporting?	Unclear	Insufficient information to judge.
Free of other bias?	Unclear	The 3 groups were comparable regarding age, race, parity, gestational age, etc. But insufficient information overall
Overall low risk of bias?	Unclear	Mostly unclear.