Methods	Randomized into 3 groups (irrigation vs systemic treatment vs no treatment)
Participants	Dates of data collection: May 1988 - August 1989.
	Setting: Beijing, China.
	Inclusion criteria: women undergoing both elective (N = 112) and non-elective (N = 105) CS. Only women undergoing an elective CS were randomized to treatment or no treatment and have been included in analysis
Interventions	Local irrigation with ampicillin 6 g after delivery of the placenta (N = 39) vs penicillin 5. 6 MU and gentamicin 240,000 U IV immediately after surgery and penicillin 1.6 MU and gentamicin 160,000 U per day IM × 3 days (N = 41) vs no treatment (N = 32). Treatment groups combined
Outcomes	Endometritis (presence of any 2 of following: temperature above 37.5° C, uterine tenderness, foul vaginal discharge); abdominal wound infection (cellulitis with small amount ofexudate within 2 months ofoperation); uterine incision infection (associated with late postpartum haemorrhage); fever index
Notes	Women undergoing non-elective sections randomized to either treatment group (not included in this review)
	Class of antibiotic: Penicillin and aminoglycoside or aminopenicillin (ampicillin)
	Subgroups: elective CS; after cord clamping.
Risk of bias
Item	Authors’ judgement	Description
Adequate sequence generation?	Unclear	“… randomized…”
Allocation concealment?	Unclear	No information provided.
Blinding?	Unclear	No information provided.
All outcomes
Incomplete outcome data addressed?	Unclear	No losses or exclusions were reported. Analysis appears to be ITT
All outcomes
Free of selective reporting?	Unclear	Insufficient information to judge.
Free of other bias?	Unclear	Insufficient information to judge.
Overall low risk of bias?	Unclear	Mostly unclear.