Table 1. Clinical characteristic of controls and diabetic patients.
| Controls (n = 175) | DM (n = 172) | |
|---|---|---|
| Male/female (%) | 51/49 | 53/47 |
| Age (years) | 49.6 ± 6.6 | 51.3 ± 8.4 |
| Smokers (%) | 14 | 12.8 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.5 ± 3.1 | 26.1 ± 4.2** |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 80.9 ± 9.2 | 87.6 ± 11.9** |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 114 ± 17 | 128 ± 18** |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 74 ± 10 | 77 ± 9* |
| PWV (m/s) | 7.1 ± 1.1 | 9.0 ± 1.5** |
| Fasting glucose (mmol/L) | 4.84 ± 0.82 | 8.60 ± 2.22** |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.67 ± 0.80 | 8.21 ± 1.35** |
| CRP (mg/L) | 0.75 (0.41–1.70) | 1.35 (0.63–2.49)** |
Values are mean ± SD or median (interquartile range). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 vs controls. BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; CRP, C‐reactive protein; DM, diabetes mellitus; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; PWV, pulse wave velocity.