Table 2.
Personality traits predicting nighttime blood pressure dipping 7 years later.
| Personality traits | Dipping MAP Beta | Dipping Systolic Beta | Dipping Diastolic Beta | Non-dipper (Dipping MAP<10%) Odds Ratios (95%CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N: Neuroticism | -0.03 | -0.04^ | -0.03 | 1.05 (0.95-1.14) |
| E: Extraversion | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.95 (0.86-1.04) |
| O: Openness | 0.00 | 0.01 | -0.01 | 1.03 (0.94-1.12) |
| A: Agreeableness | 0.05* | 0.04^ | 0.04^ | 0.89 (0.81-0.97)* |
| C: Conscientiousness | 0.07* | 0.06* | 0.07* | 0.87 (0.80-0.95)* |
| N1: Anxiety | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.96 (0.87-1.05) |
| N2: Angry Hostility | -0.03 | -0.03 | -0.02 | 1.07 (0.98-1.16) |
| N3: Depression | -0.01 | -0.03 | -0.01 | 1.02 (0.93-1.11) |
| N4: Self-consciousness | -0.02 | -0.02 | -0.01 | 1.01 (0.93-1.09) |
| N5: Impulsiveness | -0.05* | -0.05* | -0.05* | 1.10 (1.01-1.21)* |
| N6: Vulnerability | -0.04* | -0.03^ | -0.04^ | 1.05 (0.98-1.14) |
| E1: Warmth | 0.04^ | 0.03 | 0.03^ | 0.94 (0.86-1.02) |
| E2: Gregariousness | 0.04^ | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.92 (0.85-1.00) |
| E3: Assertiveness | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.94 (0.85-1.04) |
| E4: Activity | 0.03^ | 0.02 | 0.04* | 0.92 (0.84-1.01) |
| E5: Excitement-Seeking | -0.03 | -0.03 | -0.02 | 1.05 (0.95-1.15) |
| E6: Positive Emotions | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1.03 (0.96-1.12) |
| O1: Fantasy | -0.01 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1.07 (0.98-1.17) |
| O2: Aesthetics | 0.00 | 0.01 | -0.01 | 1.03 (0.94-1.13) |
| O3: Feelings | -0.02 | -0.02 | -0.02 | 1.07 (0.98-1.16) |
| O4: Actions | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.93 (0.86-1.01) |
| O5: Ideas | -0.02 | 0.00 | -0.03 | 1.00 (0.92-1.09) |
| O6: Values | 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.00 | 1.01 (0.92-1.11) |
| A1: Trust | 0.05* | 0.05* | 0.05* | 0.87 (0.81-0.94)* |
| A2: Straightforwardness | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.94 (0.87-1.03) |
| A3: Altruism | 0.04^ | 0.03 | 0.03^ | 0.95 (0.88-1.04) |
| A4: Compliance | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.97 (0.90-1.04) |
| A5: Modesty | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.93 (0.85-1.02) |
| A6: Tender-mindedness | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.98 (0.91-1.07) |
| C1: Competence | 0.05* | 0.04* | 0.05* | 0.89 (0.82-0.97)* |
| C2: Order | 0.06* | 0.05* | 0.06* | 0.90 (0.83-0.98)* |
| C3: Dutifulness | 0.07* | 0.06* | 0.06* | 0.88 (0.81-0.96)* |
| C4: Achievement Striving | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.04^ | 0.94 (0.87-1.03) |
| C5: Self-Discipline | 0.06* | 0.05* | 0.06* | 0.90 (0.82-0.98)* |
| C6: Deliberation | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03^ | 0.94 (0.88-1.02) |
Note. Dipper N=1843; Non-Dipper N=1005. The standardized Beta coefficients are from linear regressions with personality predicting continuous dipping variables. The Odds Ratios are from logistic regression predicting the risk of non-dipping vs. dipping. Regression analyses controlling for age, sex, education, antihypertensive medication use, season, time interval, cigarette smoking, obesity, diabetes, and type of personality test administration. MAP = Mean arterial pressure. 95% CI = 95% Confidence Interval.
*
P < 0.05;
^
P < 0.10.