Fig. 2.

A schematic representation of the potential effects of carbohydrate ingestion before dynamic exercise in decreasing the plasma free fatty acid (FFA) concentration and downregulating fat metabolism in skeletal muscle. Ingested glucose increases the release of insulin, which inhibits adipose tissue lipolysis and reduces the plasma [FFA]. Increased insulin may also inhibit FFA transport across the plasma membrane (PM) and the mitochondrial membrane (MM) and decrease intramuscular triacylglcerol (IMTG) breakdown in skeletal muscle. Carbohydrate oxidation, from plasma glucose and/or muscle glycogen, is increased. ALB albumin, CoA coenzyme A, FABP fatty acid binding protein, G-1-P glucose-1-phosphate, G-6-P glucose-6-phosphate, HK hexokinase, PDH pyruvate dehydrogenase, PFK phosphofructokinase, PHOS glycogen phosphorylase