Official websites use .gov
A
.gov website belongs to an official
government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
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connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive
information only on official, secure websites.
Security proof comparison.
| Protocol | Idealized assumption | Adversary capability | Resistance to UDOD attacks† |
|---|---|---|---|
| Our protocol | None | Not restricted | Proven |
| GPAKE [21] | None | Restricted from corrupting parties | No [4] |
| NGPAKE [4] | None | Not proven | |
| Lin and Hwang [7] | Random oracles | Not restricted | Not proven |
| Wu et al. [8] | Random oracles | Not restricted | Not proven |
†Resistance to undetectable online dictionary attacks.
