Table 3.
Interference of viral proteins with HLA-G intracellular trafficking; comparison with classical HLA class I molecules.
| Virus | Viral protein | Classical HLA class I | HLA-G | References | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mechanism | Downregulation | Downregulation | No change | Upregulation | |||
| HIV | Nef | Interacts directly with class I domain Redirects to endolysosomal pathway |
↘ | → truncated cytoplasmic domain |
[85] | ||
| Vpu | Redirects to degradation pathway Affects early step in biosynthesis |
↘ | ↘ | [119] | |||
|
| |||||||
| HCMV | US2 US11 |
Exports for cytosolic degradation |
↘ | → truncated cytoplasmic domain |
[84, 86] | ||
| US3 US6 |
Retention in endoplasmic reticulum | ↘ | ↘ | [87] | |||
| US10 |
↘
cytoplasmic tail |
[88] | |||||
| pp72 and pp86 | ↗ | [99] | |||||
|
| |||||||
| Herpes Virus | ICP47 | Inhibits TAP (transporter associated with antigen processing) | ↘ | ↘ | [90] | ||