Table 1.

Brief description of experimental and control training protocols.

Training	Description
EXPERIMENTAL TRAINING
Gist Reasoning Training (Gamino et al., 2010; Anand et al., 2011; Vas et al., 2011; Chapman et al., 2013; Mudar et al., 2013; Motes et al., 2014; Cook et al., under review)	Hierarchical Strategies
	Strategic Attention: Consciously blocking/inhibiting distractions and irrelevant/less relevant information
	Integrated Reasoning: Binding explicit facts with world knowledge to construct generalized/abstracted meanings
	Innovation: Deriving multiple interpretations and generalized applications beyond the concrete content reflecting fluency and fluidity of thinking
CONTROL TRAINING
Memory Strategy Training (Gamino et al., 2010; Cook et al., under review)	Training of bottom-up memory strategies: focus on encoding, rehearsal, retrieval practice, cross modality associations and developing mnemonics
New Learning Training (Vas et al., 2011; Mudar et al., 2013) (Gamino et al., 2010)	New Learning about brain functions and influences on cognition
	Example topics covered: Brain Structures and Functions; The Neuron; Neuroplasticity and Neurogenesis; Memory and the Brain; Executive Functions of the Brain; Effects of Sleep and Stress on the Brain; Diet and Exercise and the Brain; Social Bonds and the Brain. This program was originally developed at the Rotman Institute, Canada and is referred to as Brain health workshop (Binder et al., 2008).
Wait-list controls (Chapman et al., 2013; Motes et al., 2014)	No contact group