Table 3.
Flavonoids.
| # | Location and/or name | IC50 (µM) | Properties |
|---|---|---|---|
| 23 | Glabranine (CAS 41983-91-9) | >75 | Anti-viral [67]. |
| 24 | 5-Methoxyflavone | ~100 | |
| 25 | MolPort-005-945-561 (CID 4560115) | ~70 | |
| 26 | 2'-hydroxy-b-naphtho-flavone | ~350 | |
| 27 | 7,8-dihydroxy-2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | ~10 | |
| 28 | Biochanin A (5,7-dihydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-chromen-4-one) | >90 | Anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic; inhibits iNOS expression, MAPK phosphorylation and NF-κB activation [68]. |
| 29 | 2',3',6-Trimethoxyflavone (2-(2,3-Dimethoxyphenyl)-6-methoxy-4H-chromen-4-one) | >90 | |
| 30 | 3',4'-Dimethoxy-3-hydroxy-6-methylflavone | ~30–80 | |
| 31 | Luteolin | >100 | Induction of unfolded protein response and apoptosis in neuroblastoma [69]; inhibits LPS-activated, Akt-mediated activation of NF-κB in macrophages [70]. Anti-tumor activity through EGFR pathway suppression in breast cancer cells [71]. Shown to inhibit Hsp90 [72]. |
| 32 | Mangostin [1,7-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-3,6,8-trihydroxy-2-methoxy-xanthen-9-one] | ~60 | Xanthanoid–Induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in colon [73] and prostate cancer cells [74]. Blocks activation of MAPK and Akt pathways [75]. |
| 33 | MolPort-001-742-269 (CID 38356110) | ~65 | |
| 34 | 6-Hydroxy-7-methoxyflavone | ~45 | |
| 35 | Gambogic acid | ~2 | Demonstrated to inhibit Hsp90 [33,76]. |
| 36 | Tetrahydrogambogic acid | ~10 | |
| 37 | Dimethyl Gambogate | ~2 | |
| 38 | Derrubone | ~0.2 | Inhibitor of Hsp90 [77]. |