Table 2.
Age-adjusted distribution of potential risk factors for ultrasound- or hysterectomy-confirmed uterine leiomyoma according to early life exposure to violence (childhood or adolescence) among premenopausal women: Nurse’s Health Study II, 1989 (n = 60,615)
| Cumulative Exposure to Violence in Early Life
| ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristica | No Abuse (n = 21,348) |
Mild/Moderate Single (n = 22,687) |
Mild-Multiple or Severe-Single) (n = 9182) |
Moderate-Chronic or –Multiple (n = 4566) |
Severe-Chronic or –Multiple (n = 1730) |
Severe Chronic & Multiple (n = 1102) |
| Age; mean (SD) | 34 (5) | 34 (5) | 34 (5) | 34 (5) | 35 (5) | 35 (4) |
| BMI (kg/m2); mean (SD) | 24 (5) | 24 (5) | 24 (5) | 24 (5) | 25 (5) | 25 (6) |
| Hypertension (%) | 4084 (19) | 4501 (20) | 2038 (22) | 1024 (22) | 460 (26) | 327 (29) |
| Parent education < High School | 569 (3) | 736 (3) | 399 (4.3) | 204 (4.5) | 79 (4.5) | 46 (4.2) |
| Emotional neglect in childhood | 1227 (6) | 2634 (12) | 1599 (17) | 1171 (26) | 1201 (30) | 498 (45) |
| Ever married | 18,306 (86) | 19,728 (87) | 8057 (88) | 3981 (87) | 1526 (88) | 943 (85) |
| Age at menarche ≤11 years | 4789 (22) | 5291 (23) | 2376 (26) | 1184 (26) | 515 (30) | 329 (30) |
| Ever Pregnant | 5317 (75) | 4862 (79) | 1772 (80) | 868 (81) | 316 (81) | 225 (79) |
| Age at first birth ≤24 years | 4854 (23) | 5843 (26) | 2694 (29) | 1453 (32) | 616 (35) | 418 (38) |
| Time since last birth (months); mean (SD) | 70 (58) | 71 (59) | 75 (61) | 78 (62) | 83 (65) | 88 (66) |
| History of infertility | 3579 (17) | 3983 (18) | 1603 (17) | 837 (18) | 353 (20) | 233 (21) |
| Oral Contraceptive use | ||||||
| Current | 3114 (14) | 2985 (13) | 1188 (13) | 559 (12) | 202 (12) | 121 (12) |
| Never | 3962 (19) | 3868 (17) | 1327 (15) | 636 (14) | 223 (13) | 137 (13) |
| First use age 13–16 years | 775 (3.6) | 1059 (4.7) | 591 (6.5) | 361 (7.9) | 169 (10) | 120 (11) |
| >40 Day menstrual cycle | 1567 (7) | 1567 (7) | 676 (7) | 324 (7) | 137 (8) | 98 (9) |
| Race | ||||||
| White | 20,090 (94) | 21,190 (93) | 8452 (92) | 4227 (93) | 1595 (92) | 1013 (92) |
| Black | 139 (0.7) | 210 (0.9) | 141 (1.5) | 51 (1.1) | 26 (1.5) | 12 (1.1) |
| Latina | 155 (0.7) | 294 (1.3) | 166 (1.8) | 79 (1.7) | 39 (2.3) | 24 (2.2) |
| Asian | 283 (1.3) | 333 (1.5) | 152 (1.7) | 64 (1.4) | 27 (1.6) | 21 (1.9) |
| Race/ethnicity missing | 681 (3.2) | 660 (2.9) | 271 (3.0) | 145 (3.2) | 43 (2.5) | 32 (2.9) |
| Annual breast exam | 19,535 (91) | 20,722 (91) | 8321 (91) | 4144 (91) | 1557 (90) | 993 (90) |
a
No. (%), unless otherwise indicated