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. 2014 Mar 31;179(10):1216–1227. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwu029

Figure 4.

Figure 4.

A) Age, B) period, and C) cohort effects in psychological distress in the Canadian population with lower household educational attainment (n = 78,629), 2000–2007, and the US population with lower household educational attainment (n = 145,919), 1997–2011. The intrinsic estimator (IE) estimate is the mean change in psychological distress associated with a particular age-period-cohort group relative to the mean for all age-period-cohort groups combined. CCHS, Canadian Community Health Survey; NHIS, National Health Interview Survey. Solid lines, IE estimates; dotted lines, 95% confidence intervals.