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. 2012 Feb 3;33(2):155–172. doi: 10.1038/aps.2011.153

Table 2. Cardinal and accessory signs and symptoms of Dercum's disease with checkbox.

Cardial Signs/Symptoms Details
Fat deposits Nodules (lipomas) in fat ranging in size from rice grains to a fist or larger  
Pain in fat deposits for at least 3 months Pain exacerbated by stress, strenuous exercise, trauma, changes in weather, or other; pain can be spontaneous or on palpation; may wax and wane or move around  
Fatigue (asthenia) Exacerbated by activities of daily living or exercise  
≥2 accessory symptoms    
Cognitive change(s) Memory difficulties; difficulty forming thoughts; “brain fog”  
Weight gain Difficult to lose fatty deposits with lifestyle changes  
Vascular involvement Visible vascularity near lipomas; telangiectasias; multiple cherry angiomas, multiple petechiae; easy bruising; flushing; hematuria of unknown etiology; heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding; epistaxis  
SAT edema Non-pitting  
Gastrointestinal complaints Gastroesophageal reflux disease, irritable bowel syndrome, bloating, abdominal pain, early satiety  
Joint pain and/or stiffness Increased in areas of fat deposits  
Muscle pain/stiffness Especially on awakening or the day after physical activity  
Shortness of breath In the presence of normal oxygen saturation or as part of the need for oxygen supplementation  
Tachycardia Varies from palpitations to supraventricular tachycardia requiring beta-blockade