Table 1.

A comparison between Damasio's (1999) theory of consciousness and the CSS model, describing points of departure.

Dimension	Damasio's view	CSS model—points of departure
CC	Stable across the lifetime of the organism; it is not exclusively human; and it is not dependent on conventional memory, working memory, reasoning, or language	Phenomenological space can increase with mental training, dependent on working memory and when involves awareness, dependent on attention
3 types of self	Proto, unconscious	Body, unconscious
	Core, involves CC, conscious	Minimal, can be either aware or unaware
	Autobiographic, involves EC, conscious	Narrative, can be either aware or unaware
Types of affect	Emotions—bodily, public, primary or secondary emotions, can be non-conscious, involves CS	Arousal—involves core affect, can be either aware or unaware
	Feeling—private, mental experiences of an emotion, can be non-conscious, on the boundary between CS and AS	Valence—involves conceptualization, can be either aware or unaware
	Feeling of feeling—involves AS and conscious experience

CC, core consciousness; EC, extended consciousness; CS, core self; AS, autobiographic self.