Table 1.
State Medical Marijuana Laws, 1990-2010
| State | MML/Amendment Effective Yeara | Dispensaries | Home Supply | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||||
| Legally Operatingb | De Facto Operating | Home Cultivation | Caregiver Modelc | Multiple Patients per Caregiver | Collective Growing | ||
| Alaska | 1999 | No | No | Yes | Provider | No | Law Silent |
| California | 1997 | No | Yes | Yes | Caretaker | Yes | Law Silent |
| 2004 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Caretaker | Yes | Allowed | |
| Colorado | 2001 | No | No | Yes | Caretaker | Yes | Law Silent |
| 2005 | No | Yes | Yes | Caretaker | Yes | Law Silent | |
| 2010 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Provider | Yes | Prohibited | |
| Hawaii | 2001 | No | No | Yes | Caretaker | No | Prohibited |
| Maine | 2000 | No | No | Yes | Caretaker | Yes | Law Silent |
| 2010 | No | No | Yes | Provider | Yes | Law Silent | |
| Maryland | 2004 | No | No | No | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Michigan | 2009 | No | No | Yes | Provider | Yes | Law Silent |
| 2010 | No | Yes | Yes | Provider | Yes | Law Silent | |
| Montana | 2005 | No | No | Yes | Provider | Yes | Law Silent |
| 2009 | No | Yes | Yes | Provider | Yes | Law Silent | |
| Nevada | 2002 | No | No | Yes | Caretaker | No | Law Silent |
| New Mexico | 2007 | No | No | No | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| 2008 | No | No | Yes | Provider | Yes | Law Silent | |
| 2009 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Provider | Yes | Law Silent | |
| Oregon | 1999 | No | No | Yes | Caretaker | Yes | Law Silent |
| 2000 | No | No | Yes | Caretaker | Yes | Prohibited | |
| 2006 | No | No | Yes | Provider | Yes | Prohibited | |
| 2009 | No | Yes | Yes | Provider | Yes | Prohibited | |
| Rhode Island | 2006 | No | No | Yes | Provider | Yes | Law Silent |
| Vermont | 2004 | No | No | Yes | Provider | No | Law Silent |
| Washington | 1999 | No | No | Yes | Caretaker | No | Law Silent |
| 2009 | No | Yes | Yes | Caretaker | No | Law Silent | |
The indicated year reflects laws effective as of July 1st. Note that this table does not reflect MML statutes or other legal changes that came into effect after 2010, including new laws in Arizona, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Massachusetts, and New Jersey.
During the study period 1990-2010, both Maine (2010) and Rhode Island (2009) enacted dispensary laws, but the first dispensaries did not become operational until March 2011 and April 2013, respectively.
Under the caretaker model, designated caregivers assisting with home cultivation must be a family member and/or individual with prior significant caretaking responsibilities; under the provider model, designated caregivers can be most any adult who has agreed to assist the patient. Note that Alaska’s original Measure 8 (effective: 3/4/99) articulated a caretaker model, but immediate amending legislation S.B. 94 (effective: 6/2/99) changed this to a provider model.