FIG. 1.

(A) Bioreactor for engineering vascular grafts on fibrin scaffolds filled with culture media. (B) Bioreactor insert showing cell-fibrin gels on the silicon tubing. Phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) enters through the silicon tubing to pressure tubing to produce pulsatile stretching during culture. Three pressure tubings rejoin and pass up through a single port at the center of the plates for PBS outflow. (C) Bioreactor insert with three engineered vessels after 30 days' culture. One of the vessels showed ink marks near the ends for length measurement. Color images available online at www.liebertpub.com/tea