Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of women with CKD by bisphosphonate treatment status
| Variable | Bisphosphonate Use | P Valuea | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prevalent (n=1691) | Incident (n=934) | None (n=4131) | ||
| Age at index (yr), median (IQR) | 76.3 (72.2–80.0) | 75.0 (70.1–78.5) | 73.1 (65.4–77.9) | <0.001 |
| Prior heart disease, n (%) | 534 (31.6) | 282 (30.2) | 1357 (32.8) | 0.24 |
| Caucasian, n (%) | 1680 (99.4) | 928 (99.4) | 4065 (98.4) | 0.003 |
| Smoking status, n (%) | <0.001 | |||
| Never | 965 (60.3) | 550 (63.9) | 2325 (62.8) | |
| Past | 519 (32.4) | 248 (28.8) | 997 (27.0) | |
| Current | 116 (7.2) | 63 (7.3) | 377 (10.2) | |
| Thyroid disorder, n (%) | 508 (30.0) | 278 (29.8) | 1183 (28.6) | 0.51 |
| Osteoporosis, n (%) | 1477 (87.3) | 250 (26.8) | 368 (8.9) | <0.001 |
| Any rheumatologist visits in the past year, n (%) | 249 (14.7) | 71 (7.6) | 163 (4.0) | <0.001 |
| Aspirin, n (%) | 207 (12.2) | 110 (11.8) | 510 (12.4) | 0.89 |
| Clopidogrel, n (%) | 105 (6.2) | 54 (5.8) | 239 (5.8) | 0.81 |
| β-Blockers, n (%) | 688 (40.7) | 352 (37.7) | 1672 (40.5) | 0.25 |
| Statins, n (%) | 710 (42.0) | 343 (36.7) | 1525 (36.9) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 549 (32.5) | 338 (36.2) | 2033 (49.2) | <0.001 |
| Cardiac dysrhythmia, n (%) | 335 (19.8) | 166 (17.8) | 749 (18.1) | 0.27 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, n (%) | 259 (15.3) | 113 (12.1) | 473 (11.4) | <0.001 |
| Peripheral arterial disease, n (%) | 191 (11.3) | 82 (8.8) | 465 (11.3) | 0.08 |
| Atherosclerotic coronary artery disease, n (%) | 453 (26.8) | 238 (25.5) | 1050 (25.4) | 0.54 |
| Proteinuria, n (%) | <0.001 | |||
| Not ordered | 830 (49.1) | 521 (55.8) | 1949 (47.2) | |
| Negative | 666 (39.4) | 306 (32.8) | 1338 (32.4) | |
| Positive | 195 (11.5) | 107 (11.5) | 844 (20.4) | |
| Body mass index (kg/m2), median (IQR) | 29.1 (25.4–33.3) | 30.8 (26.8–35.5) | 31.5 (28.0–37.3) | <0.001 |
| Systolic BP (mmHg), median (IQR) | 129.0 (119–140) | 130.0 (120–142) | 130.0 (120–142) | <0.001 |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg), median (IQR) | 70.0 (62–78) | 70.0 (64–80) | 70.0 (64–78) | <0.001 |
| Albumin (g/dl), median (IQR) | 4.2 (3.9–4.4) | 4.1 (3.9–4.3) | 4.1 (3.8–4.3) | <0.001 |
| LDL (mg/dl), median (IQR) | 95.0 (76–120) | 98.0 (80–124) | 95.0 (75–122) | 0.09 |
| HDL (mg/dl), median (IQR) | 54.0 (46–64) | 53.0 (45–63.5) | 50.0 (42–59) | <0.001 |
| eGFR (ml/min per 1.73 m2), median (IQR) | 54.6 (48.9–57.6) | 54.3 (47.9–58.1) | 53.9 (46.5–57.4) | <0.001 |
| Number of visits to PCP 12 mo before index date, median (IQR) | 4.0 (3–6) | 4 (2–6) | 4 (2–6) | <0.001 |
a
Kruskal–Wallis test for difference across groups. A significant value (<0.05) indicates that at least one group differs from another group among the three groups. IQR, interquartile range; PCP, primary care physician.