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. 2014 May 6;9(5):e96236. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096236

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© 2014 Lungkaphin et al

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.

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(A) and (C); Western blot analysis for PKCζ and phospho-PKCζ in the membrane and cytosolic fractions of renal cortical tissues in control, diabetic (DM) and diabetic with insulin-treated (DM-treated) rats, respectively. (B) and (D); The signal intensity of PKCζ and phospho-PKCζ in the membrane and cytosolic fractions normalized to β-actin, respectively. Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase and β-actin expressions were used as a membrane marker and loading control, respectively. β-actin for the membrane fractions of PKCζ (A) and phospho-PKCζ (C) were obtained from the same membrane/loading protein. Bar graphs indicate means ± SEM from five independent experiments. **p<0.01, compared to control; ^## p<0.01, compared to diabetes.