Figure 2. PPARα, Phospho-AMPK Thr¹⁷², total AMPK, PGC-1α, ERR-1α, SREBP-1, ChREBP-1, and intra-renal lipid levels in the renal cortex of the db/m and db/db mice with or without fenofibrate treatment.

Protein lysates (30 µg) from renal cortex were separated by SDS-PAGE and analyzed by Western blotting. A) Representative Western blotting is shown for PPARα, phospho-Thr¹⁷² AMPK, total AMPK, PGC-1α, ERR-1α, and β-actin. B–E) Quantitative analyses are shown for PPARα/β-actin (B), phospho-Thr¹⁷² AMPK/total AMPK (C), PGC-1α/β-actin (D), and ERR-1α/β-actin (E). *p<0.05 and **p<0.01 vs. the db/m control, db/m Feno, and db/db Feno mice. F–H) Representative Western blot of SREBP-1, ChREBP-1 and β-actin, (F) and the corresponding quantitative analyses (G and H). The level of pACC in the kidney are shown (I). J–L) Quantitative analyses of intra-renal total cholesterol (J), free fatty acid (FFA) (K), and triglyceride (L) concentrations. *p<0.05 and **p<0.01 vs. the db/m control, db/m Feno, and db/db Feno mice; †† p<0.01 vs. the db/m control and db/m Feno mice. Abbreviations: pAMPK, phospho-Thr¹⁷² AMPK.