Phenotypic and functional characterization of the IL-33-induced Breg-like cells (BregIL-33) in the blood. A–C. Surface phenotype of BregIL-33: The IL-33-induced IL-10 producing B cells expressed high surface IgM (A), CD1d and CD25 (B), but down-regulated CD23 (FceRII) (B, C). Data shown in the table under (B) were results showing the Mean MFI (±SD) values calculated from results of 5 repeated experiments, as ratio of the IL-10−B, and IL-10+B, cell subset over the total B cells gated. Statistical analysis: p values (Student t test). D–F. In vitro Breg suppression assays: Immunosuppressive effects of the IL-33-induced Breg-like cells on B effector (Beff) cell proliferation (D), division (E), and its IL-10 dependency (F). D. CD23+ B cells (Beff, 105) were cultured in the presence of anti-CD40 (2.5 μg/ml), with titrating (as indicated) doses of CD23− B cells (BregIL-33) purified from the IL-33-injected mice. Cell proliferation was determined by thymidine incorporation at 48 h s. E. BregIL-33 (CD23-) purified from hIL-33-injected WT mice (Wk-2) were primed with anti-CD40 (2.5 μg/ml) for 5 h before being added to CFSE-labelled CD23+ Beff cells. Cell division (CFSE dilution) was determined by flow cytometry at day 5 of culture in the presence or absence of LPS (0.5 μg/ml) or anti-IgM (5 μg/ml). F. IL-10 levels in the culture supernatants were quantified by ELISA (BD Biosciences).