Table 1. Demographic characteristics in this study.
|
First set |
Second set |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FESZ mean (s.d.) | Controls | P-valuea | FESZ | Controls | ASD | P-valuea,b | P-valuea,c | P-valuea,d | |
| Participants, n (male) | 18 (13) | 14 (11) | 0.50 | 12 | 24 (10) | 15 (15) | 0.28 | 0.001† | 0.094 |
| Age (years) | 23.2 (5.4) | 25.7 (6.1) | 0.17 | 24.6 (7.1) | 26.1 (2.6) | 28.6 (5.3) | 0.49 | 0.10 | 0.63 |
| Smoking, %e | 11.1 | 7.1 | 1.0 | 25.0 | 5.0 | NA | 0.14 | NA | 0.32 |
| Age at onset (years) | 22.1 (5.4) | NA | NA | 24.1 (7.2) | NA | NA | NA | NA | 0.44 |
| DUP (weeks) | 47.3 (84.9) | NA | NA | 22.5 (43.3) | NA | NA | NA | NA | 0.55 |
| Duration of illness (weeks) | 11.2 (9.7) | NA | NA | 13.9 (15.6) | NA | NA | NA | NA | 1.0 |
| GAF | 35.6 (11.6) | NA | NA | 43.8 (17.4) | NA | NA | NA | NA | 0.25 |
| PANSS positive | 17.1 (4.2) | NA | NA | 12.8 (5.4) | NA | NA | NA | NA | 0.028* |
| PANSS negative | 22.1 (8.2) | NA | NA | 17.6 (8.5) | NA | NA | NA | NA | 0.11 |
| PANSS general pathology | 36.8 (9.0) | NA | NA | 32.6 (10.2) | NA | NA | NA | NA | 0.23 |
| Chlorepromazine dose (mg) | 497 (440) | NA | NA | 609 (634) | NA | 0 (0) | NA | 0.007† | 0.92 |
| Diazepam dose (mg) | 6.6 (8.1) | NA | NA | 11.2 (14.2) | NA | 0.0 (0.0) | NA | 0.019* | 0.52 |
| Biperiden dose (mg) | 1.5 (2.5) | NA | NA | 1.7 (2.2) | NA | 0.0 (0.0) | NA | 0.023* | 0.47 |
Abbreviations: ASD, autism spectrum disorders; DUP, duration of untreated psychosis; FESZ, first-episode schizophrenia; GAF, the global assessment of functioning; NA, not applicable; PANSS, the positive and negative symptom scale. *P<0.05, †P<0.01.
a
Mann–Whitney U-test or Fisher's exact test.
b
FESZ versus controls.
c
FESZ versus ASD. As we used the data of ASD only for comparing with those of FESZ, we did not test using analysis of variance.
d
First set versus second set in the patients with FESZ.
e
We could not obtain the data of smoking in four control participants in the second set.