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. 2014 Apr 29;4(4):e386. doi: 10.1038/tp.2014.27

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Copyright © 2014 Macmillan Publishers Limited

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Increased USV activity in APA pups upon isolation from their mothers (n=25 pups per generation per group). (a) Both generations of APA pups emitted an increased number of calls with respect to controls throughout postnatal development (*P<0.001). (b) The percentage of high intensity calls was greater in F1 and F2 progenies derived from old fathers versus controls, on P4 and P8 (*P<0.001). (c) Although APA pups emitted more calls when isolated in clean Petri dishes (*P<0.001), no significant difference between the groups was observed when pups were isolated in the presence of nest materials (NS: P=0.89). APA, advanced paternal age; CTR, control; NS, not significant; USV, ultrasound vocalization.