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Simplified diagram illustrating the biosynthetic pathways of the discussed plant secondary metabolites involved in pathogen defence. Cyanogenic glucosides, flavonoids and benzoxazanoids are all synthesised from the aromatic amino acids derived from shikimate. Saponins and terpenoids are synthesised via the melavonate or non-melavonate pathway in plants, which occur in the cytoplasm and plastids of plants respectively.
