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. 2013 Oct;103(Suppl 1):S102–S110. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2013.301382

FIGURE 1—

FIGURE 1—

Conceptual research opportunities of gene–environment research on health.

Note. Quadrant IV, which examines genetic differences by negative environments on illness, has received the most attention and is the main location of diathesis-stress research. Genetic differential sensitivity to social environmental research has been conducted primarily in quadrants III and IV.