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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Oct 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Cell Physiol. 2013 Oct;228(10):1996–2005. doi: 10.1002/jcp.24362

(A) HuH7 cells were treated with vehicle (DMSO) or the indicated concentrations of sorafenib (Sor, 3 µM) and/or Na valproate (Val, 1 mM). Cells were treated with increasing concentrations of obatoclax (0–50 nM). Cells were isolated 24h after drug exposure and cell viability determined by trypan blue exclusion (n = 3 +/− SEM).*p < 0.05 greater than vehicle control. (B) HuH7, HEPG2 and HEP3B cellswere treated with vehicle (DMSO) or the indicated concentrations of sorafenib (Sor, 3 µM) and/or Na valproate (Val, 1 mM) and/or obatoclax (GX, 50 nM). Cells were isolated 24h after drug exposure and cell viability determined by trypan blue exclusion (n = 3 +/− SEM). *p < 0.05 greater than corresponding value in vehicle control treated cells. (C) HuH7 cells were treated with vehicle (DMSO) or the indicated concentrations of sorafenib (Sor, 3 µM) and/or Na valproate (Val, 1 mM). Cells were treated with increasing concentrations of TRAIL (0–5 ng/ml). Cells were isolated 24h after drug exposure and cell viability determined by trypan blue exclusion (n = 3 +/− SEM).**p < 0.05 greater than corresponding value in GX treated cells (panel A). (D) HuH7, HEPG2 and HEP3B cellswere treated with vehicle (DMSO) or the indicated concentrations of sorafenib (Sor, 3 µM) and/or Na valproate (Val, 1 mM) and/or TRAIL (5 ng/ml). Cells were isolated 24h after drug exposure and cell viability determined by trypan blue exclusion (n = 3 +/− SEM).**p < 0.05 greater than corresponding value in GX treated cells (panel B). (E) HuH7, HEPG2 and HEP3B cellswere treated with vehicle (DMSO) or the indicated concentrations of sorafenib (Sor, 3 µM) and/or Na valproate (Val, 1 mM) and/or TRAIL (5 ng/ml). Cells were isolated 24h after drug exposure and cell viability determined by flow cytometery (n = 3 +/− SEM).*p < 0.05 greater than corresponding value in vehicle control treated cells.(F) HuH7, HEPG2 and HEP3B cellswere treated with vehicle (DMSO) or the indicated concentrations of sorafenib (Sor, 3 µM) and/or Na valproate (Val, 1 mM) and/or TRAIL (5 ng/ml). Cells were isolated 24h after drug exposure and cell viability determined by TUNEL assay (n = 3 +/− SEM).*p < 0.05 greater than corresponding value in vehicle control treated cells.(G) Mia Paca and PANC-1 cells and (H) UOK121LN cells were treated with vehicle (DMSO) or the indicated concentrations of sorafenib (Sor, 3 µM) and/or Na valproate (Val, 1 mM) and/or TRAIL (5 ng/ml) and/or obatoclax (GX, 50 nM). Cells were isolated 24h after drug exposure and cell viability determined by trypan blue exclusion (n = 3 +/− SEM). **p < 0.05 greater than corresponding value in GX treated cells.

(A) HuH7 cells were treated with vehicle (DMSO) or the indicated concentrations of sorafenib (Sor, 3 µM) and/or Na valproate (Val, 1 mM). Cells were treated with increasing concentrations of obatoclax (0–50 nM). Cells were isolated 24h after drug exposure and cell viability determined by trypan blue exclusion (n = 3 +/− SEM).*p < 0.05 greater than vehicle control. (B) HuH7, HEPG2 and HEP3B cellswere treated with vehicle (DMSO) or the indicated concentrations of sorafenib (Sor, 3 µM) and/or Na valproate (Val, 1 mM) and/or obatoclax (GX, 50 nM). Cells were isolated 24h after drug exposure and cell viability determined by trypan blue exclusion (n = 3 +/− SEM). *p < 0.05 greater than corresponding value in vehicle control treated cells. (C) HuH7 cells were treated with vehicle (DMSO) or the indicated concentrations of sorafenib (Sor, 3 µM) and/or Na valproate (Val, 1 mM). Cells were treated with increasing concentrations of TRAIL (0–5 ng/ml). Cells were isolated 24h after drug exposure and cell viability determined by trypan blue exclusion (n = 3 +/− SEM).**p < 0.05 greater than corresponding value in GX treated cells (panel A). (D) HuH7, HEPG2 and HEP3B cellswere treated with vehicle (DMSO) or the indicated concentrations of sorafenib (Sor, 3 µM) and/or Na valproate (Val, 1 mM) and/or TRAIL (5 ng/ml). Cells were isolated 24h after drug exposure and cell viability determined by trypan blue exclusion (n = 3 +/− SEM).**p < 0.05 greater than corresponding value in GX treated cells (panel B). (E) HuH7, HEPG2 and HEP3B cellswere treated with vehicle (DMSO) or the indicated concentrations of sorafenib (Sor, 3 µM) and/or Na valproate (Val, 1 mM) and/or TRAIL (5 ng/ml). Cells were isolated 24h after drug exposure and cell viability determined by flow cytometery (n = 3 +/− SEM).*p < 0.05 greater than corresponding value in vehicle control treated cells.(F) HuH7, HEPG2 and HEP3B cellswere treated with vehicle (DMSO) or the indicated concentrations of sorafenib (Sor, 3 µM) and/or Na valproate (Val, 1 mM) and/or TRAIL (5 ng/ml). Cells were isolated 24h after drug exposure and cell viability determined by TUNEL assay (n = 3 +/− SEM).*p < 0.05 greater than corresponding value in vehicle control treated cells.(G) Mia Paca and PANC-1 cells and (H) UOK121LN cells were treated with vehicle (DMSO) or the indicated concentrations of sorafenib (Sor, 3 µM) and/or Na valproate (Val, 1 mM) and/or TRAIL (5 ng/ml) and/or obatoclax (GX, 50 nM). Cells were isolated 24h after drug exposure and cell viability determined by trypan blue exclusion (n = 3 +/− SEM). **p < 0.05 greater than corresponding value in GX treated cells.