. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Apr 1.

Published in final edited form as: Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2014 Feb 28;112(4):365–70.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2014.02.002

Table 2.

Associations between AR QOL, Race/Ethnicity, and Income-to-Needs Ratio

	Full sample n = 195	Non-Latino white n = 34	Latino n = 101	African American n = 60	Group differences	Effect sizes (partial η²)	Correlation with income-to-needs ratio (r)
Total QOL Mean (SD)	1.84 (1.30)	1.32 (1.08)^a,^b	1.91 (1.35)^a	2.03 (1.28)^b	F(2, 192) = 3.61^*	.04	−.22^**
Nose Symptoms	2.07 (1.46)	1.59 (1.37)	2.15 (1.46)	2.22 (1.47)	F(2, 192) = 2.35	.02	−.16^*
Eye Symptoms	1.50 (1.54)	.81 (1.17)^a,^b	1.53 (1.57)^a	1.85 (1.56)^b	F(2, 192) = 5.26^*	.05	−.16^*
Practical Problems	1.71 (1.45)	1.01 (.94)^a,^b	1.85 (1.56)^a	1.87 (1.39)^b	F(2, 192) = 5.04^*	.05	−.17^*
Other Symptoms	2.01 (1.54)	1.60 (1.12)	2.07 (1.68)	2.13 (1.48)	F(2, 192) = 1.50	.02	−.20^**
Activity Limitations	1.86 (1.79)	1.51 (1.77)	1.86 (1.72)	2.07 (1.92)	F(2, 192) = 1.05	.01	−.20^**

Note. Sample size includes 195 caregivers and their children. Higher scores indicate impaired levels of QOL. In the three columns labeled non-Latino white, Latino, and African American, “a” represents a statistically significant comparison (p < .05) between non-Latino white and Latino children and “b” represents a statistically significant comparison (p < .05) between non-Latino white and African American children. In the column labeled “group differences”, entries marked * indicate that at least two of the ethnicities are significantly different (at p < .05) in a given row.

p <. 05,

^**

p < .01