Table 3.

Metabolism of the TSOACs

	Dabigatran	Rivaroxaban	Apixaban
Renal Impairment	6 fold higher exposure when CrCL 10–30 ml/min	1.6 fold higher exposure when CrCL 15-29	1.44 fold higher exposure when CrCL 15-29
Age	Age > 75 = 30% increase in trough concentrations	Mean AUC 1.5 fold higher in age > 65	Mean AUC 1.3 fold higher in age > 65
Hepatic Impairment	N/A	2.3 fold increase exposure in Child-Pugh B	N/A
Drug-drug interactions	Avoid strong inhibitors or inducers of p-glycoprotein	Avoid strong inhibitors of p-glycoprotein and CYP 3A4	Avoid strong inhibitors of p-glycoprotein and CYP 3A4

AUC = Area under the curve CrCL = Creatinine Clearance CYP = Cytochrome P450.