Table 1.
Causative parasites | Disease | Countries (suspected) | Landscapes | Reservoir hosts | Incriminated vectora | Suspected vectora |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
L. donovani | VL, DL, CL | Northeast India, Nepal, Bangladesh, (Bhutan), Sri Lanka | Rural, peri-domestic | Human anthroponosis | P. (Eu.) argentipes | None |
L. donovani | VL | People’s Republic of China | Rural, peri-domestic | Unknown | None | P. (Pa.) alexandri; P. (Ad.) species |
L. donovanib | VL, DL | Sudan, Ethiopia, (Chad), (Yemen) | Rural, Acacia–Balanites forest | Human anthroponosis; possibly mongoose? | P. (La.) orientalis | None |
L. donovanib | VL, DL | Sudan, Ethiopia, Kenya, (Uganda) | Rural, savanna termite mounds | human anthroponosis? | P. (Sy.) martini | P. (Sy.) celiae, P. (Sy.) vansomerenae |
L. infantum | VL, CL | Med Europe, North Africa, Southwest Asia, People’s Republic of China | Rural, peri-domestic | Domestic dog, wild canids, domestic cat | P. (La.) ariasi, perniciosus | P. (La.) species; P.(Ad.) species |
L. infantumc | VL, CL | Latin America: not Peru or Guianas | Rural, peri-domestic | Domestic dog, wild canids | Lu. (L.) longipalpis | Lu. (Lu.) species; Lu. (Pf.) evansi |
Notes:
Vectorial status based on number of criteria met;2
some strains formerly named L. archibaldi;
sometimes named L. chagasi.
Abbreviations: Ad., Adlerius; CL, cutaneous leishmaniasis; DL, diffuse or dermal leishmanoid leishmaniasis; Eu., Euphlebotomus; L., Leishmania; La., Larroussius; Lu., Lutzomyia; Med, Mediterranean; P., Phlebotomus; Pa., Paraphlebotomus; Pf., Pifanomyia; Sy., Synphlebotomus; VL, visceral leishmaniasis.