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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2013 Nov 8;15(3):211–216. doi: 10.1007/s40368-013-0096-6

Table 1.

Age, sex, and caries experience of the studied subjects.

Cases (n=100) Controls (n=100) p-value

Mean±Standard Deviation (Median) Mean±Standard Deviation (Median)
Age 8.65±1.94 8.65±1.94 p=1.0

Plaque Index 1.35±0.70 (1.33) 1.19±0.77 (1.0) p=0.14

DMFT 1.54±1.90 (1.0) 1.37±1.11 (1.0) p=0.58

dmft 3.09±3.19 (2.0) 1.47±1.77 (1.0) p=0.001

DMFS 1.87±2.60 (1.0) 1.78±1.79 (1.0) p=0.22

dmfs 5.68±6.23 (4.0) 2.17±3.05 (1.0) p=0.001

n n

Sex Female 50 50 p=1.0
Male 50 50

Brushing Once a day 55 46 p=0.18
Twice a day 21 34
Sometimes 23 18
Never 1 2

Mother's education High school 61 35 p=0.001
University 10 43
Less than high school 29 22

Father's education High school 69 32 p=0.001
University 18 46
Less than high school 13 22

Visible plaque Yes 61 39 p=0.002
No 39 61

Caries activity None 45 70 p=0.003
Active white spot lesion 18 6
Untreated cavity in dentin 27 18
Filling in the last 3 years 10 6

Preventive factors None 75 61 p=0.07
Fluoridated toothpaste 19 33
Fissure sealant 6 6

Any other systemic disease Yes 12 0 p=0.001
No 88 100

Smoking status Mother 11 30 p=0.009
Father 42 34
Both 26 17
None 21 19

Mouth Breathing Yes 64 12 p=0.001
No 20 79
Sometimes 16 9

Dental Malocclusion No 72 89 p=0.003
Class I 8 6
Class II div 1 16 3
Class II div 2 0 2

Class III 4 0

DMFT/dmft=Decayed, Missing due to caries, Filled Teeth

DMFS/dmfs=Decayed, Missing due to caries, Filled Surfaces