Table 2.
Descriptive statistics for CBCL scores and phthalate metabolites in the final sample n = 153).
| Variable | Both sexes | Males | Females | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean ± SD or GM (95% CI) | Median (min–max) or 25th, 75th percentiles | Mean ± SD or GM (95% CI) | Median (min–max) or 25th, 75th percentiles | Mean ± SD or GM (95% CI) | Median (min–max) or 25th, 75th percentiles | |
| CBCL syndrome scales (raw scores) | ||||||
| Anxious/Depressed | 3.1 ± 2.9 | 2 (0–12) | 3.2 ± 2.9 | 2 (0–11) | 2.9 ± 3.0 | 2 (0–12) |
| Withdrawn/Depressed | 1.0 ± 1.7 | 0 (0–10) | 1.2 ± 1.8 | 0 (0–8) | 0.9 ± 1.5 | 0 (0–10) |
| Somatic Complaints | 1.4 ± 1.7 | 1 (0–8) | 1.4 ± 1.7 | 1 (0–8) | 1.3 ± 1.7 | 1 (0–8) |
| Social Problems | 2.0 ± 2.1 | 1 (0–12) | 2.3 ± 2.4 | 1 (0–12) | 1.8 ± 1.7 | 1 (0–7) |
| Thought Problems | 1.8 ± 2.0 | 1 (0–11) | 2.2 ± 2.3 | 2 (0–11) | 1.4 ± 1.5 | 1 (0–7) |
| Attention Problems | 3.7 ± 3.4 | 3 (0–18) | 4.7 ± 3.6 | 4 (0–18) | 2.8 ± 2.9 | 2 (0–12) |
| Rule-breaking Behavior | 1.3 ± 1.6 | 1 (0–9) | 1.7 ± 1.9 | 1 (0–9) | 0.9 ± 1.1 | 0.5 (0–5) |
| Aggressive Behavior | 3.6 ± 3.7 | 3 (0–16) | 4.3 ± 4.2 | 3 (0–16) | 2.9 ± 3.0 | 2 (0–14) |
| Internalizing behavior | 5.4 ± 4.9 | 4 (0–23) | 5.7 ± 5.1 | 5 (0–23) | 5.1 ± 4.7 | 4 (0–21) |
| Externalizing behavior | 4.9 ± 4.9 | 3 (0–23) | 6.0 ± 5.7 | 4 (0–23) | 3.8 ± 3.6 | 3 (0–16) |
| Total problems | 21.0 ± 15.0 | 17 (1–70) | 23.8 ± 17.2 | 19 (2–70) | 18.0 ± 11.9 | 15 (1–49) |
| CBCL DSM scales (raw scores) | ||||||
| Affective Problems | 1.2 ± 1.7 | 1 (0–8) | 1.6 ± 2.0 | 1 (0–8) | 0.9 ± 1.3 | 0 (0–6) |
| Anxiety Problems | 1.5 ± 1.8 | 1 (0–8) | 1.7 ± 1.8 | 1 (0–7) | 1.4 ± 1.8 | 1 (0–8) |
| Somatic Problems | 0.8 ± 1.5 | 0 (0–7) | 0.8 ± 1.5 | 0 (0–7) | 0.8 ± 1.5 | 0 (0–7) |
| ADHD Problems | 3.1 ± 2.7 | 3 (0–11) | 3.9 ± 2.8 | 3 (0–11) | 2.3 ± 2.3 | 2 (0–10) |
| Oppositional/Defiant Problems | 1.9 ± 1.9 | 1 (0–8) | 2.3 ± 2.1 | 2 (0–8) | 1.5 ± 1.6 | 1 (0–6) |
| Conduct Problems | 1.3 ± 2.0 | 0 (0–12) | 1.9 ± 2.5 | 1 (0–12) | 0.6 ± 1.0 | 0 (0–3) |
| Phthalate metabolitesa,b | ||||||
| MEHP | 3.65 (2.89, 4.61) | 1.1, 9.9 | 3.52 (2.49, 4.98) | 0.8, 6.7 | 3.79 (2.79, 5.15) | 1.2, 10.7 |
| MEHHP | 13.04 (10.28, 16.55) | 6.1, 24.2 | 12.49 (9.0, 17.33) | 5.5, 24.1 | 13.63 (9.67, 19.21) | 6.3, 27.1 |
| MEOHP | 11.50 (9.16, 14.44) | 5.1, 22.0 | 11.19 (8.15, 15.38) | 4.7, 21.5 | 11.82 (8.56, 16.32) | 5.2, 24.7 |
| MiBP | 2.34 (1.98, 2.78) | 1.0, 4.8 | 2.34 (1.83, 2.99) | 1.1, 5.1 | 2.35 (1.86, 2.97) | 1.0, 4.7 |
| MBP | 13.61 (11.52, 16.07) | 7.8, 29.4 | 13.36 (10.54, 16.94) | 7.3, 29.6 | 13.86 (11.0, 17.46) | 8.4, 28.1 |
| MBzP | 6.59 (5.34, 8.15) | 3.4, 16.3 | 6.43 (4.80, 8.61) | 2.7, 15.5 | 6.76 (4.99, 9.16) | 4.0, 18.4 |
| MEP | 81.01 (62.09, 105.70) | 26.2, 231.0 | 85.66 (59.27, 123.82) | 31.0, 307.5 | 76.56 (52.35, 111.96) | 23.2, 168.3 |
| Abbreviations: max, maximum; min, minimum. aLimit of detection for all metabolites was between 0.95 and 1.07 ng/mL. bNumber of metabolite observations below the LOD in final sample of both sexes: MEHP: n = 32 (20.9%), MEHHP: n = 4 (2.6%), MEOHP: n = 5 (3.3%), MiBP: n = 27 (17.6%), MBP: n = 4 (2.6%), MBzP: n = 6 (3.9%), MEP: n= 1 (0.7%). | ||||||