Table 3.
Regression phthalate metabolite coefficients (with 95% CIs) of models predicting CBCL syndrome scale scores, according to child sex.a
| CBCL syndrome scales | Sex | ln(∑DEHP) | pintb | ln(MiBP) | pint | ln(MBP) | pint | ln(MBzP) | pint | ln(MEP) | pint |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anxious/Depressed | Overall | –0.09 (–0.22, 0.03) | 0.04 (–0.16, 0.24) | –0.06 (–0.27, 0.15) | –0.13 (–0.28, 0.03) | –0.05 (–0.16, 0.06) | |||||
| Male | 0.02 (–0.15, 0.18) | 0.11 (–0.13, 0.34) | 0.01 (–0.25, 0.26) | –0.06 (–0.25, 0.13) | –0.04 (–0.18, 0.10) | ||||||
| Female | –0.21 (–0.38, –0.04)* | 0.04 | –0.03 (–0.29, 0.22) | 0.35 | –0.14 (–0.40, 0.12) | 0.35 | –0.20 (–0.39, –0.01)* | 0.24 | –0.06 (–0.20, 0.08) | 0.81 | |
| Withdrawn/Depressed | Overall | 0.01 (–0.10, 0.11) | –0.03 (–0.19, 0.14) | –0.02 (–0.19, 0.15) | –0.06 (–0.18, 0.07) | –0.08 (–0.16, 0.01) | |||||
| Male | 0.04 (–0.09, 0.18) | –0.01 (–0.21, 0.18) | 0.02 (–0.19, 0.23) | 0.02 (–0.14, 0.17) | –0.05 (–0.17, 0.06) | ||||||
| Female | –0.03 (–0.18, 0.11) | 0.39 | –0.04 (–0.25, 0.17) | 0.82 | –0.06 (–0.27, 0.15) | 0.54 | –0.13 (–0.29, 0.02) | 0.12 | –0.10 (–0.22, 0.02) | 0.56 | |
| Somatic Complaints | Overall | 0.07 (–0.04, 0.17) | –0.05 (–0.21, 0.11) | –0.10 (–0.27, 0.07) | –0.04 (–0.16, 0.08) | –0.01 (–0.10, 0.07) | |||||
| Male | 0.1 (–0.04, 0.23) | –0.03 (–0.23, 0.16) | –0.07 (–0.28, 0.13) | 0.004 (–0.15, 0.16) | 0.03 (–0.08, 0.15) | ||||||
| Female | 0.03 (–0.10, 0.17) | 0.48 | –0.07 (–0.28, 0.13) | 0.74 | –0.13 (–0.34, 0.08) | 0.66 | –0.08 (–0.24, 0.07) | 0.38 | –0.06 (–0.18, 0.05) | 0.21 | |
| Social Problems | Overall | –0.07 (–0.18, 0.04) | 0.07 (–0.10, 0.24) | –0.04 (–0.22, 0.14) | –0.04 (–0.17, 0.09) | –0.08 (–0.17, 0.01) | |||||
| Male | –0.04 (–0.18, 0.10) | 0.18 (–0.02, 0.37) | 0.02 (–0.19, 0.24) | 0.06 (–0.10, 0.22) | –0.06 (–0.18, 0.05) | ||||||
| Female | –0.11 (–0.26, 0.03) | 0.44 | –0.06 (–0.27, 0.16) | 0.06 | –0.10 (–0.32, 0.11) | 0.33 | –0.14 (–0.30, 0.02) | 0.05 | –0.09 (–0.21, 0.03) | 0.71 | |
| Thought Problems | Overall | 0.03 (–0.08, 0.14) | 0.12 (–0.05, 0.28) | –0.02 (–0.20, 0.16) | –0.05 (–0.18, 0.08) | –0.07 (–0.16, 0.02) | |||||
| Male | 0.07 (–0.07, 0.22) | 0.15 (–0.05, 0.35) | –0.01 (–0.23, 0.20) | –0.06 (–0.22, 0.11) | –0.10 (–0.21, 0.02) | ||||||
| Female | –0.02 (–0.17, 0.12) | 0.31 | 0.07 (–0.15, 0.29) | 0.51 | –0.03 (–0.25, 0.19) | 0.89 | –0.04 (–0.20, 0.12) | 0.87 | –0.04 (–0.16, 0.08) | 0.47 | |
| Attention Problems | Overall | 0.08 (–0.04, 0.21) | 0.20 (0.01, 0.39)* | 0.06 (–0.14, 0.26) | –0.05 (–0.20, 0.10) | –0.04 (–0.14, 0.07) | |||||
| Male | 0.07 (–0.10, 0.23) | 0.27 (0.04, 0.50)* | 0.12 (–0.12, 0.37) | 0.003 (–0.18, 0.19) | –0.08 (–0.22, 0.06) | ||||||
| Female | 0.10 (–0.07, 0.26) | 0.77 | 0.12 (–0.12, 0.36) | 0.29 | –0.01 (–0.26, 0.25) | 0.38 | –0.10 (–0.29, 0.08) | 0.35 | 0.01 (–0.13, 0.14) | 0.35 | |
| Rule-breaking Behavior | Overall | 0.002 (–0.10, 0.10) | 0.09 (–0.06, 0.25) | 0.08 (–0.08, 0.25) | –0.01 (–0.13, 0.11) | 0.01 (–0.08, 0.09) | |||||
| Male | 0.04 (–0.09, 0.17) | 0.20 (0.01, 0.38)* | 0.14 (–0.05, 0.34) | 0.08 (–0.07, 0.23) | 0.02 (–0.09, 0.13) | ||||||
| Female | –0.04 (–0.18, 0.09) | 0.37 | –0.04 (–0.23, 0.16) | 0.04 | 0.02 (–0.19, 0.22) | 0.28 | –0.10 (–0.25, 0.05) | 0.06 | –0.01 (–0.12, 0.10) | 0.67 | |
| Aggressive Behavior | Overall | –0.05 (–0.19, 0.09) | 0.24 (0.03, 0.45)* | 0.03 (–0.19, 0.25) | 0.10 (–0.07, 0.26) | –0.06 (–0.18, 0.05) | |||||
| Male | –0.02 (–0.20, 0.15) | 0.34 (0.09, 0.59)* | 0.12 (–0.15, 0.39) | 0.19 (–0.01, 0.40) | –0.04 (–0.19, 0.11) | ||||||
| Female | –0.08 (–0.26, 0.10) | 0.64 | 0.12 (–0.14, 0.39) | 0.16 | –0.07 (–0.34, 0.21) | 0.24 | –0.002 (–0.21, 0.20) | 0.11 | –0.08 (–0.23, 0.07) | 0.70 | |
| Internalizing behavior | Overall | –0.02 (–0.17, 0.13) | 0.02 (–0.21, 0.25) | –0.08 (–0.33, 0.16) | –0.13 (–0.30, 0.05) | –0.05 (–0.18, 0.07) | |||||
| Male | 0.09 (–0.1, 0.28) | 0.09 (–0.18, 0.37) | –0.01 (–0.30, 0.29) | –0.04 (–0.25, 0.18) | –0.02 (–0.19, 0.14) | ||||||
| Female | –0.14 (–0.34, 0.06) | 0.08 | –0.07 (–0.37, 0.22) | 0.32 | –0.16 (–0.46, 0.14) | 0.37 | –0.22 (–0.44, 0)* | 0.17 | –0.08 (–0.25, 0.08) | 0.60 | |
| Externalizing behavior | Overall | –0.04 (–0.18, 0.11) | 0.20 (–0.02, 0.42) | 0.08 (–0.16, 0.31) | 0.07 (–0.10, 0.24) | –0.03 (–0.15, 0.09) | |||||
| Male | –0.003 (–0.19, 0.19) | 0.32 (0.06, 0.58)* | 0.17 (–0.12, 0.45) | 0.18 (–0.03, 0.40) | –0.02 (–0.18, 0.14) | ||||||
| Female | –0.08 (–0.27, 0.12) | 0.55 | 0.06 (–0.22, 0.34) | 0.10 | –0.02 (–0.31, 0.27) | 0.26 | –0.04 (–0.25, 0.17) | 0.09 | –0.05 (–0.21, 0.11) | 0.79 | |
| Total problems | Overall | –0.01 (–0.22, 0.20) | 0.27 (–0.05, 0.58) | –0.004 (–0.34, 0.33) | –0.05 (–0.30, 0.19) | –0.12 (–0.29, 0.05) | |||||
| Male | 0.07 (–0.19, 0.34) | 0.42 (0.05, 0.80)* | 0.12 (–0.29, 0.53) | 0.10 (–0.20, 0.40) | –0.11 (–0.34, 0.11) | ||||||
| Female | –0.10 (–0.37, 0.18) | 0.33 | 0.07 (–0.33, 0.47) | 0.13 | –0.14 (–0.55, 0.28) | 0.29 | –0.21 (–0.51, 0.10) | 0.10 | –0.12 (–0.35, 0.10) | 0.95 | |
| aOutcomes are square root–transformed raw CBCL syndrome scores. Overall estimates are from models adjusted for child sex, child age (months), mother’s education (at least college education, yes or no), creatinine, and family stress score. Sex-specific estimates and interaction p-values are from models that include interactions between sex and ln-metabolite concentrations, with adjustment for same covariates. bpint, interaction p-value. *p ≤ 0.05. | |||||||||||